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	rickowen Verse 5 tells me that Isaiah is not a sealed book (i.e., not able to be understood), rather you have a couple of options: 1) have the spirit of prophecy, or 2) be taught the things of the Je... (note for 2 Nephi 25:5)
	February 20, 2012 at 08:25 PM

Note: Verse 5 tells me that Isaiah is not a sealed book (i.e., not able to be understood), rather you have a couple of options: 1) have the spirit of prophecy, or 2) be taught the things of the Jews.

2 Nephi 25:5
Yea, and my soul delighteth in the words of Isaiah, for I came out from Jerusalem, and mine eyes hath beheld the things of the Jews, and I know that the Jews do understand the things of the prophets, and there is none other people that understand the things which were spoken unto the Jews like unto them, save it be that they are taught after the manner of the things of the Jews.

	rickowen bookmarked Reading
	February 19, 2012 at 06:42 AM

2 Nephi 25:1
Now I, Nephi, do speak somewhat concerning the words which I have written, which have been spoken by the mouth of Isaiah. For behold, Isaiah spake many things which were hard for many of my people to understand; for they know not concerning the manner of prophesying among the Jews.

	rickowen Hell hath enlarged itself in our day. (note for 2 Nephi 15:14)
	February 19, 2012 at 06:35 AM

Note: Hell hath enlarged itself in our day.

2 Nephi 15:14
Therefore, hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth without measure; and their glory, and their multitude, and their pomp, and he that rejoiceth, shall descend into it.

	rickowen Because o their wickedness the Lord will take away those who would feed and protect Israel and will leave them to the capricious nature of their enemies. (note for 2 Nephi 13:1)
	February 19, 2012 at 06:28 AM

Note: Because o their wickedness the Lord will take away those who would feed and protect Israel and will leave them to the capricious nature of their enemies.

2 Nephi 13:1
For behold, the Lord, the Lord of Hosts, doth take away from Jerusalem, and from Judah, the stay and the staff, the whole staff of bread, and the whole stay of water—

	rickowen We have counselled many times to ask "why?" a certain passage of scripture was written, but in this case Jacob tells us plainly that it was written so that we might (notwithstanding our pres... (note for 2 Nephi 9:3)
	February 12, 2012 at 09:01 PM

Note: We have counselled many times to ask "why?" a certain passage of scripture was written, but in this case Jacob tells us plainly that it was written so that we might (notwithstanding our present circumstances) know what blessing the Lord desires to give us, and thereby allowing us to rejoice in the goodness of God.

2 Nephi 9:3
Behold, my beloved brethren, I speak unto you these things that ye may rejoice, and lift up your heads forever, because of the blessings which the Lord God shall bestow upon your children.

	rickowen This is a pretty stinging indictment; not only can he not talk to them of holiness, but they need to be taught the consequences of sin. (note for 2 Nephi 9:48)
	February 11, 2012 at 02:54 PM

Note: This is a pretty stinging indictment; not only can he not talk to them of holiness, but they need to be taught the consequences of sin.

2 Nephi 9:48
Behold, if ye were holy I would speak unto you of holiness; but as ye are not holy, and ye look upon me as a teacher, it must needs be expedient that I teach you the consequences of sin.

	rickowen It is easy to miss the passage of time in the Book of Mormon. In this instance ten years had transpired just in the recitation of the commandment and subsequent effort to create and maintain... (note for 2 Nephi 5:34)
	February 10, 2012 at 08:47 AM

Note: It is easy to miss the passage of time in the Book of Mormon. In this instance ten years had transpired just in the recitation of the commandment and subsequent effort to create and maintain the small plates of Nephi.

2 Nephi 5:34
And it sufficeth me to say that *forty years had passed away, and we had already had wars and contentions with our brethren.

	rickowen I am anxious to meet Sam. He is a cipher in the Book of Mormon narrative. He was always (according to the words that we have at least, and I can see no reason to believe otherwise) aligned w... (note for 2 Nephi 5:6)
	February 10, 2012 at 08:41 AM

Note: I am anxious to meet Sam. He is a cipher in the Book of Mormon narrative. He was always (according to the words that we have at least, and I can see no reason to believe otherwise) aligned with Nephi. He adds no content to the story. He has no visible personality. His independent actions may or may not have been helpful to Nephi - we just don't know. (See my comment in the previous chapter regarding Lehi's blessing to Sam). Also, his comment about his sisters (plural) coming with them implies that either one of the sons of Ishmael (assuming that Zoram married one of Nephi's sisters) came with Nephi, or that the sister(s) left their spouse(s).

2 Nephi 5:6
Wherefore, it came to pass that I, Nephi, did take my family, and also Zoram and his family, and Sam, mine elder brother and his family, and Jacob and Joseph, my younger brethren, and also my sisters, and all those who would go with me. And all those who would go with me were those who believed in the warnings and the revelations of God; wherefore, they did hearken unto my words.

	rickowen I think that it is very unusual that he spoke to Sam last of all. Generally there is a symbolic purpose in the things that he said, how he said it, who he said it to, and when (in what order... (note for 2 Nephi 4:11)
	February 10, 2012 at 08:27 AM

Note: I think that it is very unusual that he spoke to Sam last of all. Generally there is a symbolic purpose in the things that he said, how he said it, who he said it to, and when (in what order) he said it. This reinforces my own thoughts that there is something special with or about Sam and his relationship to Nephi.

2 Nephi 4:11
And after he had made an end of speaking unto them, he spake unto Sam, saying: Blessed art thou, and thy seed; for thou shalt inherit the land like unto thy brother Nephi. And thy seed shall be numbered with his seed; and thou shalt be even like unto thy brother, and thy seed like unto his seed; and thou shalt be blessed in all thy days.

	rickowen This verse is not disconnected from the previous verse. We listen to one another because we are all entitled to revelation. We love one another because w/o love the Spirit cannot come and st... (note for D&C 88:123)
	February 6, 2012 at 09:24 PM

Note: This verse is not disconnected from the previous verse. We listen to one another because we are all entitled to revelation. We love one another because w/o love the Spirit cannot come and stay.

D&C 88:123
See that ye love one another; cease to be covetous; learn to impart one to another as the gospel requires.

	rickowen Lehi attributes this undoing of the curse a direct effect of his blessing, but in reality it is a byproduct of his blessing and more directly the results of the love that the Lord has for us... (note for 2 Nephi 4:7)
	February 5, 2012 at 09:34 PM

Note: Lehi attributes this undoing of the curse a direct effect of his blessing, but in reality it is a byproduct of his blessing and more directly the results of the love that the Lord has for us.

2 Nephi 4:7
Wherefore, because of my blessing the Lord God will not suffer that ye shall perish; wherefore, he will be merciful unto you and unto your seed forever.

	rickowen This would be really difficult for Levi - Joseph is young (in my mind between 6 and 8) and Lehi is about to die of old age. He knows that anything good that happens to Joseph will occur beca... (note for 2 Nephi 3:25)
	February 5, 2012 at 07:03 AM

Note: This would be really difficult for Levi - Joseph is young (in my mind between 6 and 8) and Lehi is about to die of old age. He knows that anything good that happens to Joseph will occur because of Nephi. It would give Lehi a lot of peace of mind to know that he Nephi upon whom he can rely. Nephi must be at least 20 years older than Joseph and it is likely that he has children the same age as Joseph.

2 Nephi 3:25
And now, blessed art thou, Joseph. Behold, thou art little; wherefore hearken unto the words of thy brother, Nephi, and it shall be done unto thee even according to the words which I have spoken. Remember the words of thy dying father. Amen.

	rickowen Lehigh has to reassure Jacob that he has no motive beyond his son's eternal welfare. Because of Osman and Lemuel's frequent accusations that he wanted to "bind them" in some way, that is som... (note for 2 Nephi 2:30)
	February 5, 2012 at 06:25 AM

Note: Lehigh has to reassure Jacob that he has no motive beyond his son's eternal welfare. Because of Osman and Lemuel's frequent accusations that he wanted to "bind them" in some way, that is something that he would want to say, although it is sad that he had to do so.

2 Nephi 2:30
I have spoken these few words unto you all, my sons, in the last days of my probation; and I have chosen the good part, according to the words of the prophet. And I have none other object save it be the everlasting welfare of your souls. Amen.

	rickowen In his patriarchal blessing Jacob is told that he will be a minister to his people. Having also seen the Savior he thus has a special calling to witness in the name of Christ, which he does ... (note for 2 Nephi 2:3)
	February 5, 2012 at 06:12 AM

Note: In his patriarchal blessing Jacob is told that he will be a minister to his people. Having also seen the Savior he thus has a special calling to witness in the name of Christ, which he does all the days of his life. He is also given the assurance that he will dwell safely with Nephi. Given the turbulence he had experienced to date that was no small blessing.

2 Nephi 2:3
Wherefore, thy soul shall be blessed, and thou shalt dwell safely with thy brother, Nephi; and thy days shall be spent in the service of thy God. Wherefore, I know that thou art redeemed, because of the righteousness of thy Redeemer; for thou hast beheld that in the fulness of time he cometh to bring salvation unto men.

	rickowen I have consistently declared these things to you. I want you to know that I, your God, said and did these marvelous things; I don't want you to attribute them to your idols. (note for 1 Nephi 20:5)
	January 29, 2012 at 06:03 AM

Note: I have consistently declared these things to you. I want you to know that I, your God, said and did these marvelous things; I don't want you to attribute them to your idols.

1 Nephi 20:5
And I have even from the beginning declared to thee; before it came to pass I showed them thee; and I showed them for fear lest thou shouldst say—Mine idol hath done them, and my graven image, and my molten image hath commanded them.

	rickowen What does it mean that he had workings in the spirit to the point that it made him weak? (note for 1 Nephi 19:21)
	January 29, 2012 at 05:58 AM

Note: What does it mean that he had workings in the spirit to the point that it made him weak?

1 Nephi 19:21
And he surely did show unto the prophets of old all things concerning them; and also he did show unto many concerning us; wherefore, it must needs be that we know concerning them for they are written upon the plates of brass.

	rickowen This is hard doctrine, and in today's climate would be considered anti-Semitic. (note for 1 Nephi 19:13)
	January 29, 2012 at 05:53 AM

Note: This is hard doctrine, and in today's climate would be considered anti-Semitic.

1 Nephi 19:13
And as for those who are at Jerusalem, saith the prophet, they shall be scourged by all people, because they crucify the God of Israel, and turn their hearts aside, rejecting signs and wonders, and the power and glory of the God of Israel.

	rickowen The large plates of Nephi. (note for 1 Nephi 19:1)
	January 28, 2012 at 06:56 AM

Note: The large plates of Nephi.

1 Nephi 19:1
And it came to pass that the Lord commanded me, wherefore I did make plates of ore that I might engraven upon them the record of my people. And upon the plates which I made I did engraven the record of my father, and also our journeyings in the wilderness, and the prophecies of my father; and also many of mine own prophecies have I engraven upon them.

	rickowen This is the verse that made me realize that I was wrong about Nephi's wife. She is mostly described by her absence (i.e., she didn't complain, she didn't rebel, etc.), but in this verse she ... (note for 1 Nephi 18:19)
	January 27, 2012 at 08:41 AM

Note: This is the verse that made me realize that I was wrong about Nephi's wife. She is mostly described by her absence (i.e., she didn't complain, she didn't rebel, etc.), but in this verse she is shown as an active participant in the works of faith necessary to help free Nephi.

1 Nephi 18:19
And Jacob and Joseph also, being young, having need of much nourishment, were grieved because of the afflictions of their mother; and also my wife with her tears and prayers, and also my children, did not soften the hearts of my brethren that they would loose me.

	rickowen The Palmers in "In Search of Cumorah" discuss the difference between the vessels that would have sailed the relatively calm waters of the Mediterranean Sea and one that could survive the tra... (note for 1 Nephi 18:2)
	January 27, 2012 at 08:31 AM

Note: The Palmers in "In Search of Cumorah" discuss the difference between the vessels that would have sailed the relatively calm waters of the Mediterranean Sea and one that could survive the transoceanic voyage that Nephi was about to pursue.

1 Nephi 18:2
Now I, Nephi, did not work the timbers after the manner which was learned by men, neither did I build the ship after the manner of men; but I did build it after the manner which the Lord had shown unto me; wherefore, it was not after the manner of men.

	rickowen I have always imagined Nephi's wife to be a woman of the same spiritual temperament as Nephi. However, as I read these accounts where the "daughters of Ishmael" are rude and disobedient it m... (note for 1 Nephi 18:9)
	January 27, 2012 at 08:28 AM

Note: I have always imagined Nephi's wife to be a woman of the same spiritual temperament as Nephi. However, as I read these accounts where the "daughters of Ishmael" are rude and disobedient it makes me wonder if Nepbi's wife was more like her brothers than her husband. She may be a cause of Nephi's sorrow the same as his brothers. That may be why she is never mentioned in the Book of Mormon. Later... On considering what I had previously written I have changed my mind. Nephi's wife must have been a remarkable women to bear the burden of raising a family in various old and new world wildernesses and all without complaint.

1 Nephi 18:9
And after we had been driven forth before the wind for the space of many days, behold, my brethren and the sons of Ishmael and also their wives began to make themselves merry, insomuch that they began to dance, and to sing, and to speak with much rudeness, yea, even that they did forget by what power they had been brought thither; yea, they were lifted up unto exceeding rudeness.

	rickowen The problem with Nephi's older brother was that they based their attitudes and actions on external and visible things. The visitation of angels, the successful completion of the boat, being ... (note for 1 Nephi 18:4)
	January 25, 2012 at 03:35 PM

Note: The problem with Nephi's older brother was that they based their attitudes and actions on external and visible things. The visitation of angels, the successful completion of the boat, being physically shaken by Nephi. It was never the still small voice, the promptings of the Spirit, or any spiritual manifestation born of faith and devotion to God.

1 Nephi 18:4
And it came to pass that after I had finished the ship, according to the word of the Lord, my brethren beheld that it was good, and that the workmanship thereof was exceedingly fine; wherefore, they did humble themselves again before the Lord.

	rickowen The journey to this point must have been remarkably difficult if it caused Lehi to complain. Lehi was obviously well acquainted with the desert, and travel in the desert was not easy in the ... (note for 1 Nephi 16:19)
	January 24, 2012 at 08:07 AM

Note: The journey to this point must have been remarkably difficult if it caused Lehi to complain. Lehi was obviously well acquainted with the desert, and travel in the desert was not easy in the slightest. They must have suffered significantly by this point of time.

1 Nephi 16:19
And it came to pass that we did return without food to our families, and being much fatigued, because of their journeying, they did suffer much for the want of food.

	rickowen This is the excuse of the spiritually and intellectually lazy. Without some effort on the part of the seeker, there is no stream of revelation. (note for 1 Nephi 15:8)
	January 18, 2012 at 07:03 PM

Note: This is the excuse of the spiritually and intellectually lazy. Without some effort on the part of the seeker, there is no stream of revelation.

1 Nephi 15:8
And I said unto them: Have ye inquired of the Lord?

	rickowen "Made white in the blood of the Lamb" is imagery that is hard to ignore. It is also hard to understand if you don't understand the symbolism involved. Garments (in my mind) represent symboli... (note for 1 Nephi 12:10)
	January 11, 2012 at 10:24 PM

Note: "Made white in the blood of the Lamb" is imagery that is hard to ignore. It is also hard to understand if you don't understand the symbolism involved. Garments (in my mind) represent symbolically our covenant status with the Lord. White represents spiritual purity. The blood of the Lamb represents the atonement. Having our garments made white in the blood of the Lamb thus represents our having participated in saving ordinances, having made binding covenants with the Lord, and then conforming our life to the Gospel in such a way that the Atonement is effective in our lives to the degree that we are worthy to return to the presence of the Father after our mortal life ends.

1 Nephi 12:10
And these twelve ministers whom thou beholdest shall judge thy seed. And, behold, they are righteous forever; for because of their faith in the Lamb of God their garments are made white in his blood.

	rickowen I have always envisioned the large and spacious building as being very tall, rather than floating in the air high above the ground. The term "and it stood as it were in the air, high above t... (note for 1 Nephi 8:26)
	January 7, 2012 at 04:31 AM

Note: I have always envisioned the large and spacious building as being very tall, rather than floating in the air high above the ground. The term "and it stood as it were in the air, high above the earth" is somewhat ambiguous. It could mean very tax-free, but rising from the earth, high in the air but not connected to the earth, or both.

1 Nephi 8:26
And I also cast my eyes round about, and beheld, on the other side of the river of water, a great and spacious building; and it stood as it were in the air, high above the earth.

	rickowen Not only did Nephi seek confirmation of his father's words as being the will of the Lord, but he did at the very beginning of this whole episode, so that when it became hard and personal, he... (note for 1 Nephi 3:5)
	January 1, 2012 at 06:12 PM

Note: Not only did Nephi seek confirmation of his father's words as being the will of the Lord, but he did at the very beginning of this whole episode, so that when it became hard and personal, he already had an answer. "I will go and do..." without any hesitation because he already knew whose request it was. In a way he was rebuking his father (ever so mildly) for qualifying his request with what his brothers had said; it didn't matter to him what they said; he only cared about the Lord.

1 Nephi 3:5
And now, behold thy brothers murmur, saying it is a hard thing which I have required of them; but behold I have not required it of them, but it is a commandment of the Lord.

	rickowen Notice the difference between Nephi and his brothers: The brothers must be overpowered by the spirit. They are in full rebellion and only the most strenuous exertions on the part of Lehi can... (note for 1 Nephi 2:16)
	January 1, 2012 at 05:59 PM

Note: Notice the difference between Nephi and his brothers: The brothers must be overpowered by the spirit. They are in full rebellion and only the most strenuous exertions on the part of Lehi can get them to be obedient and then only for a short time. Nephi, on the other hand, was moved by the promptings of the Spirit (the very softest of impressions) to seek confirmation of his father's message, and as a result he was blessed with the knowledge that all of his father's words were correct. Because of Nephi's actions he was an agent rather than an object. He acted rather than being acted on. And then, in perfect harmony with the Savior's example, Nephi taught his brother, Sam, what he had learned, thus strengthening Sam while giving Nephi an opportunity to bear testimony, thus strengthening his testimony.

1 Nephi 2:16
And it came to pass that I, Nephi, being exceedingly young, nevertheless being large in stature, and also having great desires to know of the mysteries of God, wherefore, I did cry unto the Lord; and behold he did visit me, and did soften my heart that I did believe all the words which had been spoken by my father; wherefore, I did not rebel against him like unto my brothers.

	rickowen Another familiar ancient motif - A heavenly messenger brings a book or a scroll and bades the recipient to read the message prepared by the Lord. (note for 1 Nephi 1:11)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:16 PM

Note: Another familiar ancient motif - A heavenly messenger brings a book or a scroll and bades the recipient to read the message prepared by the Lord.

1 Nephi 1:11
And they came down and went forth upon the face of the earth; and the first came and stood before my father, and gave unto him a book, and bade him that he should read.

	rickowen This is a quite common phenomenon. There have been other instances (for example Moses and the burning bush) where the Lord announces his presence with fire that burns brightly but doesn't co... (note for 1 Nephi 1:6)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:13 PM

Note: This is a quite common phenomenon. There have been other instances (for example Moses and the burning bush) where the Lord announces his presence with fire that burns brightly but doesn't consume.

1 Nephi 1:6
And it came to pass as he prayed unto the Lord, there came a pillar of fire and dwelt upon a rock before him; and he saw and heard much; and because of the things which he saw and heard he did quake and tremble exceedingly.

	rickowen I don't know if we know who wrote the title page. It was either Mormon or Moroni, but I don't know for sure and I don't know that we have been told. (note for Title Page:2)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:08 PM

Note: I don't know if we know who wrote the title page. It was either Mormon or Moroni, but I don't know for sure and I don't know that we have been told.

Title Page
Wherefore, it is an abridgment of the record of the people of Nephi, and also of the Lamanites—Written to the Lamanites, who are a remnant of the house of Israel; and also to Jew and Gentile—Written by way of commandment, and also by the spirit of prophecy and of revelation—Written and sealed up, and hid up unto the Lord, that they might not be destroyed—To come forth by the gift and power of God unto the interpretation thereof—Sealed by the hand of Moroni, and hid up unto the Lord, to come forth in due time by way of the Gentile—The interpretation thereof by the gift of God.

	rickowen Moroni must have developed a great affinity for Ether. They were both the last of their people, consigned to watch the slow destruction and knowing there was nothing that they could do about... (note for Ether 15:13)
	December 31, 2011 at 10:36 AM

Note: Moroni must have developed a great affinity for Ether. They were both the last of their people, consigned to watch the slow destruction and knowing there was nothing that they could do about it.

Ether 15:13
And it came to pass that Ether did behold all the doings of the people; and he beheld that the people who were for Coriantumr were gathered together to the army of Coriantumr; and the people who were for Shiz were gathered together to the army of Shiz.

	rickowen There is a different tone to the pleadings of the Brother of Jared than those of Nephi. He is more penitent before the Lord: more willing to acknowledge the unworthiness of man in general. N... (note for Ether 3:3)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:57 AM

Note: There is a different tone to the pleadings of the Brother of Jared than those of Nephi. He is more penitent before the Lord: more willing to acknowledge the unworthiness of man in general. Nephi was more positive and more grateful without having to acknowledge the inherent faults of all mankind.

Ether 3:3
Behold, O Lord, thou hast smitten us because of our iniquity, and hast driven us forth, and for these many years we have been in the wilderness; nevertheless, thou hast been merciful unto us. O Lord, look upon me in pity, and turn away thine anger from this thy people, and suffer not that they shall go forth across this raging deep in darkness; but behold these things which I have molten out of the rock.

	rickowen The Brother of Jared had been taught the plan of salvation and knew much concerning God and man's relationship to God. He was to learn much more in the next few hours, but he started his gre... (note for Ether 3:2)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:49 AM

Note: The Brother of Jared had been taught the plan of salvation and knew much concerning God and man's relationship to God. He was to learn much more in the next few hours, but he started his great vision from a position of knowledge.

Ether 3:2
O Lord, thou hast said that we must be encompassed about by the floods. Now behold, O Lord, and do not be angry with thy servant because of his weakness before thee; for we know that thou art holy and dwellest in the heavens, and that we are unworthy before thee; because of the fall our natures have become evil continually; nevertheless, O Lord, thou hast given us a commandment that we must call upon thee, that from thee we may receive according to our desires.

	rickowen Note that there were these barges and then later there are the barges that require the light. Later: as I read this I am not sure if this makes reference to another set of barges or if this... (note for Ether 2:6)
	December 31, 2011 at 07:15 AM

Note: Note that there were these barges and then later there are the barges that require the light. Later: as I read this I am not sure if this makes reference to another set of barges or if this is a "forward" that summarizes what comes next. 2011-12-31: Based on verse 16 I believe my original thoughts are correct and these were the first set of barges the Lord had them make.

Ether 2:6
And it came to pass that they did travel in the wilderness, and did build barges, in which they did cross many waters, being directed continually by the hand of the Lord.

	rickowen If the Prophet Joseph Smith were to write (as a work of fiction purporting to be scripture) it would have made no sense to include a chief protagonist called "the brother of Jared." For what... (note for Ether 1:35)
	December 31, 2011 at 04:39 AM

Note: If the Prophet Joseph Smith were to write (as a work of fiction purporting to be scripture) it would have made no sense to include a chief protagonist called "the brother of Jared." For whatever reason his name was not included, but it becomes just another of many reasons why this book is what it says it is.

Ether 1:35
And it came to pass that the brother of Jared did cry unto the Lord, and the Lord had compassion upon Jared; therefore he did not confound the language of Jared; and Jared and his brother were not confounded.

	rickowen "This" is the Book of Mormon. "That" is the Gospel of Jesus Christ. If you believe the Book of Mormon you will believe the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and if you are a true believer of the Gospe... (note for Mormon 7:9)
	December 31, 2011 at 03:52 AM

Note: "This" is the Book of Mormon. "That" is the Gospel of Jesus Christ. If you believe the Book of Mormon you will believe the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and if you are a true believer of the Gospel of Jesus Christ you will believe the Book of Mormon.

Mormon 7:9
For behold, this is written for the intent that ye may believe that; and if ye believe that ye will believe this also; and if ye believe this ye will know concerning your fathers, and also the marvelous works which were wrought by the power of God among them.

	rickowen I don't think we are very far from such general lawlessness in our own society. There was an article in the Post-Register about wire transfers of money from the United States to Somalia. Jus... (note for Mormon 2:8)
	December 30, 2011 at 08:52 PM

Note: I don't think we are very far from such general lawlessness in our own society. There was an article in the Post-Register about wire transfers of money from the United States to Somalia. Just in passing the article mentioned that there has not been a central government in Somalia since 1991. That is a very long time to exist in a country where you are living by your own wits.

Mormon 2:8
But behold, the land was filled with robbers and with Lamanites; and notwithstanding the great destruction which hung over my people, they did not repent of their evil doings; therefore there was blood and carnage spread throughout all the face of the land, both on the part of the Nephites and also on the part of the Lamanites; and it was one complete revolution throughout all the face of the land.

	rickowen Even though this sounds idyllic, the people were not perfect. The sins of the time still required forgiveness, which meant they had to repent, pray for forgiveness, and receive a remittance... (note for 4 Nephi 1:17)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:25 PM

Note: Even though this sounds idyllic, the people were not perfect. The sins of the time still required forgiveness, which meant they had to repent, pray for forgiveness, and receive a remittance of their sins.

4 Nephi 1:17
There were no robbers, nor murderers, neither were there Lamanites, nor any manner of -ites; but they were in one, the children of Christ, and heirs to the kingdom of God.

	rickowen Nothing evokes sympathy in me faster than the virtuous but uncomely women of the work rejected because they do not have outward beauty. It is appropriate that the Lord uses the symbol of the... (note for 3 Nephi 22:7)
	December 30, 2011 at 12:49 PM

Note: Nothing evokes sympathy in me faster than the virtuous but uncomely women of the work rejected because they do not have outward beauty. It is appropriate that the Lord uses the symbol of the rejected virtuous woman as the symbol of all that is good that world has ignored.

3 Nephi 22:7
For a small moment have I forsaken thee, but with great mercies will I gather thee.

	rickowen Anyone who could organize worlds would have no problem putting together the elements necessary to have bread and wine. (note for 3 Nephi 20:7)
	December 30, 2011 at 11:06 AM

Note: Anyone who could organize worlds would have no problem putting together the elements necessary to have bread and wine.

3 Nephi 20:7
But he truly gave unto them bread to eat, and also wine to drink.

	rickowen This would include any who believe in the Savior as a result of what they read in the Book of Mormon. (note for 3 Nephi 19:21)
	December 30, 2011 at 10:11 AM

Note: This would include any who believe in the Savior as a result of what they read in the Book of Mormon.

3 Nephi 19:21
Father, I pray thee that thou wilt give the Holy Ghost unto all them that shall believe in their words.

	rickowen "Ye have heard the things which I taught before I ascended..." in other words, these things that I just taught you are the things I taught before I was crucified and resurrected. (note for 3 Nephi 15:1)
	December 30, 2011 at 08:55 AM

Note: "Ye have heard the things which I taught before I ascended..." in other words, these things that I just taught you are the things I taught before I was crucified and resurrected.

3 Nephi 15:1
And now it came to pass that when Jesus had ended these sayings he cast his eyes round about on the multitude, and said unto them: Behold, ye have heard the things which I taught before I ascended to my Father; therefore, whoso remembereth these sayings of mine and doeth them, him will I raise up at the last day.

	rickowen This is interesting. I suppose (because I don't know) that the Lord gives us this counsel for a couple of reasons: 1) we shouldn't have to pledge oaths to get people to believe us; our every... (note for 3 Nephi 12:37)
	December 30, 2011 at 08:23 AM

Note: This is interesting. I suppose (because I don't know) that the Lord gives us this counsel for a couple of reasons: 1) we shouldn't have to pledge oaths to get people to believe us; our every day actions should convince people that our word is our bond - we don't need an oath, and 2) often oaths are a bombastic way of covering up up our own character flaws and manipulating the other person to make them feel guilty that they even said something to us - it is a form of deceit.

3 Nephi 12:37
But let your communication be Yea, yea; Nay, nay; for whatsoever cometh of more than these is evil.

	rickowen The point is, for me, that I have enough flaws about which I can be critical. I don't need to pick on anyone else's flaws. (note for 3 Nephi 12:23)
	December 30, 2011 at 08:13 AM

Note: The point is, for me, that I have enough flaws about which I can be critical. I don't need to pick on anyone else's flaws.

3 Nephi 12:23
Therefore, if ye shall come unto me, or shall desire to come unto me, and rememberest that thy brother hath aught against thee—

	rickowen Remember that the multitude are those that were "less wicked" (my words) than those that were killed. They need to be taught the Gospel rather than just be reminded of a few things they migh... (note for 3 Nephi 12:2)
	December 30, 2011 at 07:31 AM

Note: Remember that the multitude are those that were "less wicked" (my words) than those that were killed. They need to be taught the Gospel rather than just be reminded of a few things they might have forgotten.

3 Nephi 12:2
And again, more blessed are they who shall believe in your words because that ye shall testify that ye have seen me, and that ye know that I am. Yea, blessed are they who shall believe in your words, and come down into the depths of humility and be baptized, for they shall be visited with fire and with the Holy Ghost, and shall receive a remission of their sins.

	rickowen The next chapters are two discourses delivered by the Savior. Part of the time he is speaking to his disciples and part of the time he is speaking to the entire group. I have tried to distin... (note for 3 Nephi 12:1)
	December 30, 2011 at 07:11 AM

Note: The next chapters are two discourses delivered by the Savior. Part of the time he is speaking to his disciples and part of the time he is speaking to the entire group. I have tried to distinguish the groups as his intended audience shifts back and forth.

3 Nephi 12:1
And it came to pass that when Jesus had spoken these words unto Nephi, and to those who had been called, (now the number of them who had been called, and received power and authority to baptize, was twelve) and behold, he stretched forth his hand unto the multitude, and cried unto them, saying: Blessed are ye if ye shall give heed unto the words of these twelve whom I have chosen from among you to minister unto you, and to be your servants; and unto them I have given power that they may baptize you with water; and after that ye are baptized with water, behold, I will baptize you with fire and with the Holy Ghost; therefore blessed are ye if ye shall believe in me and be baptized, after that ye have seen me and know that I am.

	rickowen There is a type for us in his we should be listening for the voice of the Lord: we should have our gaze fixed in his direction; we cannot be distracted by other things, and we must be listen... (note for 3 Nephi 11:7)
	December 30, 2011 at 07:04 AM

Note: There is a type for us in his we should be listening for the voice of the Lord: we should have our gaze fixed in his direction; we cannot be distracted by other things, and we must be listening with all our might for his voice.

3 Nephi 11:7
Behold my Beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased, in whom I have glorified my name—hear ye him.

	rickowen Frequently this is shown or discussed as if it occured immediately after the destruction. It may or may not have happened that soon. There is nothing in the account that requires Christ's ap... (note for 3 Nephi 11:1)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:35 AM

Note: Frequently this is shown or discussed as if it occured immediately after the destruction. It may or may not have happened that soon. There is nothing in the account that requires Christ's appearance immediately after his resurrection, although it makes sense that it would have happened then. However, some scholars have said that the appearance could have been as much as six months after the cataclysm.

3 Nephi 11:1
And now it came to pass that there were a great multitude gathered together, of the people of Nephi, round about the temple which was in the land Bountiful; and they were marveling and wondering one with another, and were showing one to another the great and marvelous change which had taken place.

	rickowen Mormon's point is that the prophets have been vindicated. People can say whatever they want, they can mock and ridicule the prophets, and even murder them, but the hand of the Lord is sure. ... (note for 3 Nephi 10:19)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:32 AM

Note: Mormon's point is that the prophets have been vindicated. People can say whatever they want, they can mock and ridicule the prophets, and even murder them, but the hand of the Lord is sure. He will do it in his time, and he will do it according as he has said, and that is the certain part.

3 Nephi 10:19
Showing his body unto them, and ministering unto them; and an account of his ministry shall be given hereafter. Therefore for this time I make an end of my sayings.

	rickowen Again, they'd were the "more righteous" (really, in this context they were the "less wicked") part of the people. The Lord acknowledges the really bad things that they didn't do as compared ... (note for 3 Nephi 10:13)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:28 AM

Note: Again, they'd were the "more righteous" (really, in this context they were the "less wicked") part of the people. The Lord acknowledges the really bad things that they didn't do as compared to those that died in the cataclysm. At this point, it is a reminder that they have much for which they must repent.

3 Nephi 10:13
And they were spared and were not sunk and buried up in the earth; and they were not drowned in the depths of the sea; and they were not burned by fire, neither were they fallen upon and crushed to death; and they were not carried away in the whirlwind; neither were they overpowered by the vapor of smoke and of darkness.

	rickowen This implies that for the three days of darkness there were also aftershocks and the sound of crashing rocks and the earth cleaving; all of which would have added a terrifying element to the... (note for 3 Nephi 10:9)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:23 AM

Note: This implies that for the three days of darkness there were also aftershocks and the sound of crashing rocks and the earth cleaving; all of which would have added a terrifying element to the darkness.

3 Nephi 10:9
And it came to pass that thus did the three days pass away. And it was in the morning, and the darkness dispersed from off the face of the land, and the earth did cease to tremble, and the rocks did cease to rend, and the dreadful groanings did cease, and all the tumultuous noises did pass away.

	rickowen They were destroyed because of their extreme wickedness, so it's not so much of a compliment to have the Lord say that they were spared because they were more righteous. It seems to me that ... (note for 3 Nephi 9:13)
	December 30, 2011 at 06:16 AM

Note: They were destroyed because of their extreme wickedness, so it's not so much of a compliment to have the Lord say that they were spared because they were more righteous. It seems to me that " more righteous" than extremely wicked still leaves you quite a ways over on the wicked side of the continuum.

3 Nephi 9:13
O all ye that are spared because ye were more righteous than they, will ye not now return unto me, and repent of your sins, and be converted, that I may heal you?

	rickowen Here are great men, prophets and righteous leaders in every sense of the word, about whom we know very little. The military victory achieved by Lachoneus and Gidgiddoni is a remarkable feat ... (note for 3 Nephi 6:6)
	December 29, 2011 at 02:24 PM

Note: Here are great men, prophets and righteous leaders in every sense of the word, about whom we know very little. The military victory achieved by Lachoneus and Gidgiddoni is a remarkable feat that ranks with the great military victories of all times.

3 Nephi 6:6
And now it was Gidgiddoni, and the judge, Lachoneus, and those who had been appointed leaders, who had established this great peace in the land.

	rickowen There were some of the robbers who had repented who wanted to remain Lamanites. Why would that be something about which they had a choice? (note for 3 Nephi 6:3)
	December 29, 2011 at 02:14 PM

Note: There were some of the robbers who had repented who wanted to remain Lamanites. Why would that be something about which they had a choice?

3 Nephi 6:3
And they granted unto those robbers who had entered into a covenant to keep the peace of the land, who were desirous to remain Lamanites, lands, according to their numbers, that they might have, with their labors, wherewith to subsist upon; and thus they did establish peace in all the land.

	rickowen Nephi says that everyone was converted, but based on verse 27 that "everyone" did not include the Gadianton robbers. (note for 3 Nephi 1:26)
	December 29, 2011 at 12:01 PM

Note: Nephi says that everyone was converted, but based on verse 27 that "everyone" did not include the Gadianton robbers.

3 Nephi 1:26
And thus the ninety and second year did pass away, bringing glad tidings unto the people because of the signs which did come to pass, according to the words of the prophecy of all the holy prophets.

	rickowen I imagine Samuel's voice mocking the Nephites when they claim to reverence the fathers. (note for Helaman 13:26)
	December 29, 2011 at 09:29 AM

Note: I imagine Samuel's voice mocking the Nephites when they claim to reverence the fathers.

Helaman 13:26
Behold ye are worse than they; for as the Lord liveth, if a prophet come among you and declareth unto you the word of the Lord, which testifieth of your sins and iniquities, ye are angry with him, and cast him out and seek all manner of ways to destroy him; yea, you will say that he is a false prophet, and that he is a sinner, and of the devil, because he testifieth that your deeds are evil.

	rickowen Samuel is a type of the Savior. He brought them glad tidings but they would not receive him. (note for Helaman 13:8)
	December 29, 2011 at 09:23 AM

Note: Samuel is a type of the Savior. He brought them glad tidings but they would not receive him.

Helaman 13:8
Therefore, thus saith the Lord: Because of the hardness of the hearts of the people of the Nephites, except they repent I will take away my word from them, and I will withdraw my Spirit from them, and I will suffer them no longer, and I will turn the hearts of their brethren against them.

	rickowen Helaman 12 is what I would call Lamentations of Mormon. He is seeing all of this from a tremendous historical perspective; watching the Nephite civilization careen madly downhill towards de... (note for Helaman 12:1)
	December 29, 2011 at 09:16 AM

Note: Helaman 12 is what I would call Lamentations of Mormon. He is seeing all of this from a tremendous historical perspective; watching the Nephite civilization careen madly downhill towards destruction. He can plainly see how it could have been prevented, but he is powerless to change anything. His only hope, then, is that we might heed his warnings in our day.

Helaman 12:1
And thus we can behold how false, and also the unsteadiness of the hearts of the children of men; yea, we can see that the Lord in his great infinite goodness doth bless and prosper those who put their trust in him.

	rickowen Always Satan plays upon that division that occurred to continue the hatred to a new generation. (note for Helaman 11:25)
	December 29, 2011 at 05:14 AM

Note: Always Satan plays upon that division that occurred to continue the hatred to a new generation.

Helaman 11:25
And they did commit murder and plunder; and then they would retreat back into the mountains, and into the wilderness and secret places, hiding themselves that they could not be discovered, receiving daily an addition to their numbers, inasmuch as there were dissenters that went forth unto them.

	rickowen There are places on earth right now where conditions are identical to those described in the Book of Helaman. The drug cartels in Mexico, the Russian Mafia, and the Iranian theocracy with th... (note for Helaman 11:2)
	December 29, 2011 at 05:10 AM

Note: There are places on earth right now where conditions are identical to those described in the Book of Helaman. The drug cartels in Mexico, the Russian Mafia, and the Iranian theocracy with their Revolutionary Guardians all appear to fit this model although at least in Iran there is a modicum of legitimacy because of the appearance of elections (notwithstanding the fact that most political parties are banned and cannot be involved in the elections).

Helaman 11:2
And it was this secret band of robbers who did carry on this work of destruction and wickedness. And this war did last all that year; and in the *seventy and third year it did also last.

	rickowen The Lord's interest in eternal families was the same then as it is now. One of the untold stories of the Book of Mormon is the steadfastness with which the prophets of the BoM were supported... (note for Helaman 10:13)
	December 29, 2011 at 04:55 AM

Note: The Lord's interest in eternal families was the same then as it is now. One of the untold stories of the Book of Mormon is the steadfastness with which the prophets of the BoM were supported by their families. In some cases (Amulek?) I believe that there were tragic consequences - either families that chose to side with evil, or families who were destroyed as a result of their prophet-father's actions.

Helaman 10:13
Now behold, notwithstanding that great miracle which Nephi had done in telling them concerning the death of the chief judge, they did harden their hearts and did not hearken unto the words of the Lord.

	rickowen Some people are just plain stupid. It is the same blindness of the mind that made it such that people died when bitten by serpents in the wilderness because they would not look up at the sna... (note for Helaman 9:41)
	December 29, 2011 at 04:36 AM

Note: Some people are just plain stupid. It is the same blindness of the mind that made it such that people died when bitten by serpents in the wilderness because they would not look up at the snake held up by Moses.

Helaman 9:41
And there were others who said: Behold, he is a god, for except he was a god he could not know of all things. For behold, he has told us the thoughts of our hearts, and also has told us things; and even he has brought unto our knowledge the true murderer of our chief judge.

	rickowen The Lamanite's strategy is the only strategy that will work in the long run. When a people desire righteousness and will not give a place in their hearts for wickedness; when they have parti... (note for Helaman 6:38)
	December 28, 2011 at 10:06 PM

Note: The Lamanite's strategy is the only strategy that will work in the long run. When a people desire righteousness and will not give a place in their hearts for wickedness; when they have participated in saving ordinances and made covenants they will not break, than, and only then will Satan lose his foothold among the children of men.

Helaman 6:38
And it came to pass on the other hand, that the Nephites did build them up and support them, beginning at the more wicked part of them, until they had overspread all the land of the Nephites, and had seduced the more part of the righteous until they had come down to believe in their works and partake of their spoils, and to join with them in their secret murders and combinations.

	rickowen Even though there was the appearance of great prosperity and righteousness, Satan still had great hold on the people and their faith was weak; they were like the seeds sown among the rocks w... (note for Helaman 6:15)
	December 28, 2011 at 09:40 PM

Note: Even though there was the appearance of great prosperity and righteousness, Satan still had great hold on the people and their faith was weak; they were like the seeds sown among the rocks where their roots had no depth.

Helaman 6:15
And it came to pass that in the *sixty and sixth year of the reign of the judges, behold, Cezoram was murdered by an unknown hand as he sat upon the judgment-seat. And it came to pass that in the same year, that his son, who had been appointed by the people in his stead, was also murdered. And thus ended the sixty and sixth year.

	rickowen Here is another element that always makes me think that there were "others" in the land. From where did these converts keep coming? If they were Lamanites I believe that the record would mak... (note for Helaman 3:25)
	December 28, 2011 at 08:56 PM

Note: Here is another element that always makes me think that there were "others" in the land. From where did these converts keep coming? If they were Lamanites I believe that the record would make reference to the converts being Lamanites.

Helaman 3:25
And so great was the prosperity of the church, and so many the blessings which were poured out upon the people, that even the high priests and the teachers were themselves astonished beyond measure.

	rickowen What a powerful thing is a covenant. It is possible that guards went with them, but if there were guards they were few in number. (note for Alma 62:17)
	December 28, 2011 at 04:59 PM

Note: What a powerful thing is a covenant. It is possible that guards went with them, but if there were guards they were few in number.

Alma 62:17
And when they had entered into this covenant they sent them to dwell with the people of Ammon, and they were in number about four thousand who had not been slain.

	rickowen Pahoran was a great man and a great leader. He loved his people. (note for Alma 61:21)
	December 28, 2011 at 04:51 PM

Note: Pahoran was a great man and a great leader. He loved his people.

Alma 61:21
See that ye strengthen Lehi and Teancum in the Lord; tell them to fear not, for God will deliver them, yea, and also all those who stand fast in that liberty wherewith God hath made them free. And now I close mine epistle to my beloved brother, Moroni.

	rickowen The intrigue and deceit that is described in these chapters is astonishing. Again, it is a testimony to. e that Joseph Smith did not write this book. There is too much going on that defies t... (note for Alma 61:5)
	December 28, 2011 at 04:46 PM

Note: The intrigue and deceit that is described in these chapters is astonishing. Again, it is a testimony to. e that Joseph Smith did not write this book. There is too much going on that defies the ability of a young uneducated man on the edge of the American frontier.

Alma 61:5
And behold, they have driven me out before them, and I have fled to the land of Gideon, with as many men as it were possible that I could get.

	rickowen The Lamanites were great fighters at time, but they made mistakes, and Moroni took advantage of their mistakes. (note for Alma 58:22)
	December 28, 2011 at 04:37 PM

Note: The Lamanites were great fighters at time, but they made mistakes, and Moroni took advantage of their mistakes.

Alma 58:22
Now this was done because the Lamanites did suffer their whole army, save a few guards only, to be led away into the wilderness.

	rickowen And now the story changes to 3rd person. (note for Alma 56:52)
	December 28, 2011 at 02:44 PM

Note: And now the story changes to 3rd person.

Alma 56:52
And it came to pass that the Lamanites took courage, and began to pursue them; and thus were the Lamanites pursuing them with great vigor when Helaman came upon their rear with his two thousand, and began to slay them exceedingly, insomuch that the whole army of the Lamanites halted and turned upon Helaman.

	rickowen Why would the dissenters be out to death while their leaders were out in jail? Very interesting. (note for Alma 51:19)
	December 28, 2011 at 02:12 PM

Note: Why would the dissenters be out to death while their leaders were out in jail? Very interesting.

Alma 51:19
And it came to pass that there were four thousand of those dissenters who were hewn down by the sword; and those of their leaders who were not slain in battle were taken and cast into prison, for there was no time for their trials at this period.

	rickowen Another interesting insight into the legal system of the Nephites. Moroni petitions to be given the power to hold military tribunals and that power is granted to him through some process tha... (note for Alma 51:15)
	December 28, 2011 at 01:16 PM

Note: Another interesting insight into the legal system of the Nephites. Moroni petitions to be given the power to hold military tribunals and that power is granted to him through some process that determined the voice of the people in this matter.

Alma 51:15
And it came to pass that he sent a petition, with the voice of the people, unto the governor of the land, desiring that he should read it, and give him (Moroni) power to compel those dissenters to defend their country or to put them to death.

	rickowen There is a continual struggle between adherents to the plan of salvation and those that would limit others agency for selfish reasons. It is a struggle that will continue until our mortal pr... (note for Alma 51:8)
	December 28, 2011 at 11:00 AM

Note: There is a continual struggle between adherents to the plan of salvation and those that would limit others agency for selfish reasons. It is a struggle that will continue until our mortal probation ends. The description of the kingmen is interesting. To me it represents the possibility that there were indigenous people included in the people of Nephi. Having brought their previous cultural backgrounds into the church it is possible that those who were of "high birth" were members of a royal caste who had lost power when their people became Nephites (however that happened). This might also explain how Amalickiah thought he should be king.

Alma 51:8
Now those who were in favor of kings were those of high birth, and they sought to be kings; and they were supported by those who sought power and authority over the people.

	rickowen I wonder if it was Lehi that had held up Amalickiah's scalp? If so, that would help explain why they feared him. (note for Alma 49:17)
	December 28, 2011 at 10:51 AM

Note: I wonder if it was Lehi that had held up Amalickiah's scalp? If so, that would help explain why they feared him.

Alma 49:17
And now behold it came to pass, that when the Lamanites had found that Lehi commanded the city they were again disappointed, for they feared Lehi exceedingly; nevertheless their chief captains had sworn with an oath to attack the city; therefore, they brought up their armies.

	rickowen So Moroni's strategy was more than just prepare for war; he recognized that causing his opponents to doubt the legitimacy of their cause would also be important. (note for Alma 46:30)
	December 28, 2011 at 07:24 AM

Note: So Moroni's strategy was more than just prepare for war; he recognized that causing his opponents to doubt the legitimacy of their cause would also be important.

Alma 46:30
Now Moroni thought it was not expedient that the Lamanites should have any more strength; therefore he thought to cut off the people of Amalickiah, or to take them and bring them back, and put Amalickiah to death; yea, for he knew that he would stir up the Lamanites to anger against them, and cause them to come to battle against them; and this he knew that Amalickiah would do that he might obtain his purposes.

	rickowen While it's possible to read Mormon's account and get the impression that this all happened in an afternoon. My own opinion is that this happened over the space of. couple of weeks. I also be... (note for Alma 46:20)
	December 28, 2011 at 07:18 AM

Note: While it's possible to read Mormon's account and get the impression that this all happened in an afternoon. My own opinion is that this happened over the space of. couple of weeks. I also believe that this was a very organized activity, with Moroni considering his audience, thier possible reactions, and their willingness to support the cause of freedom (or not as the case may be).

Alma 46:20
Behold, whosoever will maintain this title upon the land, let them come forth in the strength of the Lord, and enter into a covenant that they will maintain their rights, and their religion, that the Lord God may bless them.

	rickowen Moroni was a leader in every sense of the word. He was a disciple of Christ. He loved the people he served. He was fair and compassionate, but he was not a dupe. Moroni had plenty of self co... (note for Alma 46:12)
	December 28, 2011 at 06:53 AM

Note: Moroni was a leader in every sense of the word. He was a disciple of Christ. He loved the people he served. He was fair and compassionate, but he was not a dupe. Moroni had plenty of self confidence (actually he relied on the arm of the Lord rather than his own strength) but he was not arrogant. He has been described as a Book of Mormon version of Orin Porter Rockwell, but I am not sure that comparison is fair to either Rockwell or Moroni.

Alma 46:12
And it came to pass that he rent his coat; and he took a piece thereof, and wrote upon it—In memory of our God, our religion, and freedom, and our peace, our wives, and our children—and he fastened it upon the end of a pole.

	rickowen It would be interesting to know of Amalickiah's lineage. This would likely give us a clue as to why he wanted to be a king. Since lineage played such a role in Nephite and Lamanite affairs, ... (note for Alma 46:4)
	December 28, 2011 at 06:30 AM

Note: It would be interesting to know of Amalickiah's lineage. This would likely give us a clue as to why he wanted to be a king. Since lineage played such a role in Nephite and Lamanite affairs, it is likely that he had some legitimate claim to kingship (legitimate in a lineage perspective, certainly not from a legal perspective) .

Alma 46:4
And Amalickiah was desirous to be a king; and those people who were wroth were also desirous that he should be their king; and they were the greater part of them the lower judges of the land, and they were seeking for power.

	rickowen This reminds me of Brigham Young's effort, just prior to his death, to reestablish the church. From the Encyclopedia of Mormonism regarding Brigham's last year of his life: Brigham Young re... (note for Alma 45:22)
	December 28, 2011 at 06:23 AM

Note: This reminds me of Brigham Young's effort, just prior to his death, to reestablish the church. From the Encyclopedia of Mormonism regarding Brigham's last year of his life: Brigham Young remained vigorous until his death in August 1877. Just before his death, he dedicated the St. George Temple and launched there the full scope of LDS temple ordinances, something he had anticipated since Nauvoo; and he overhauled Church organization at every level, formalizing for the first time practices that would characterize the Church for nearly a century.

Alma 45:22
Therefore, Helaman and his brethren went forth to establish the church again in all the land, yea, in every city throughout all the land which was possessed by the people of Nephi. And it came to pass that they did appoint priests and teachers throughout all the land, over all the churches.

	rickowen My guess is that he set Helaman apart. His other two sons received blessings, but Helaman was set apart. (note for Alma 45:15)
	December 28, 2011 at 06:09 AM

Note: My guess is that he set Helaman apart. His other two sons received blessings, but Helaman was set apart.

Alma 45:15
And now it came to pass that after Alma had said these things to Helaman, he blessed him, and also his other sons; and he also blessed the earth for the righteous' sake.

	rickowen The few remaining righteous have been destroyed and the remainder (i.e., the non-righteous) will no longer be called Nephites but will instead be called Lamanites is a pretty clear descripti... (note for Alma 45:14)
	December 28, 2011 at 06:06 AM

Note: The few remaining righteous have been destroyed and the remainder (i.e., the non-righteous) will no longer be called Nephites but will instead be called Lamanites is a pretty clear description of the attributes a Book of Mormon people needed to have to be included among the category called Nephites.

Alma 45:14
But whosoever remaineth, and is not destroyed in that great and dreadful day, shall be numbered among the Lamanites, and shall become like unto them, all, save it be a few who shall be called the disciples of the Lord; and them shall the Lamanites pursue even until they shall become extinct. And now, because of iniquity, this prophecy shall be fulfilled.

	rickowen Even though this soldier is not identified, he was clearly a leader and a strategist. He knew enough about psychology to recognize what an impact Zarahemna's scalp would have. (note for Alma 44:15)
	December 27, 2011 at 07:42 PM

Note: Even though this soldier is not identified, he was clearly a leader and a strategist. He knew enough about psychology to recognize what an impact Zarahemna's scalp would have.

Alma 44:15
Now there were many, when they heard these words and saw the scalp which was upon the sword, that were struck with fear; and many came forth and threw down their weapons of war at the feet of Moroni, and entered into a covenant of peace. And as many as entered into a covenant they suffered to depart into the wilderness.

	rickowen It is interesting that they still maintained their identity even though they had become "Lamanites". To me this means that the designation of Lamanite was a general classification that mean ... (note for Alma 43:7)
	December 27, 2011 at 12:32 PM

Note: It is interesting that they still maintained their identity even though they had become "Lamanites". To me this means that the designation of Lamanite was a general classification that mean enemy of God or something like that. It was not a racial or geneological designation.

Alma 43:7
Now this he did that he might preserve their hatred towards the Nephites, that he might bring them into subjection to the accomplishment of his designs.

	rickowen "Have you ever wondered how the wicked get into the building if it doesn't touch the ground? Well, they're lifted up in the pride of their hearts," and they have no foundation. (The Book of ... (note for 1 Nephi 8:27)
	December 26, 2011 at 09:30 PM

Note: "Have you ever wondered how the wicked get into the building if it doesn't touch the ground? Well, they're lifted up in the pride of their hearts," and they have no foundation. (The Book of Mormon Verse by Verse, Vol. 1, Page 40)

1 Nephi 8:27
And it was filled with people, both old and young, both male and female; and their manner of dress was exceedingly fine; and they were in the attitude of mocking and pointing their fingers towards those who had come at and were partaking of the fruit.

	rickowen Rivers of water were not the norm. There were only certain times when water ran in the rivers. See peace or thanks offering under sacrifices in the Bible Dictionary. Note also that Levi held... (note for 1 Nephi 2:7)
	December 26, 2011 at 01:11 PM

Note: Rivers of water were not the norm. There were only certain times when water ran in the rivers. See peace or thanks offering under sacrifices in the Bible Dictionary. Note also that Levi held the Melchizidek Priesthood, by virtue of which he offered sacrifice.

1 Nephi 2:7
And it came to pass that he built an altar of stones, and made an offering unto the Lord, and gave thanks unto the Lord our God.

	rickowen Those who are chosen because of their faith are those who have chosen the Lord. His choosing his people is not a capricious act; his chosen are those who have already sought his tender merci... (note for 1 Nephi 1:20)
	December 26, 2011 at 12:34 PM

Note: Those who are chosen because of their faith are those who have chosen the Lord. His choosing his people is not a capricious act; his chosen are those who have already sought his tender mercies. It is a reciprocal arrangement, although he comes much further to meet us than we go to meet him. In fact he must bridge a chasm we cannot cross on our own to chose us.

1 Nephi 1:20
And when the Jews heard these things they were angry with him; yea, even as with the prophets of old, whom they had cast out, and stoned, and slain; and they also sought his life, that they might take it away. But behold, I, Nephi, will show unto you that the tender mercies of the Lord are over all those whom he hath chosen, because of their faith, to make them mighty even unto the power of deliverance.

	rickowen I can't imagine anything more frightening than being crosswise with the Lord to the degree that "there was no remedy" To be in a situation where the Lord sees no recourse but your destructio... (note for 2 Chronicles 36:17)
	December 26, 2011 at 12:26 PM

Note: I can't imagine anything more frightening than being crosswise with the Lord to the degree that "there was no remedy" To be in a situation where the Lord sees no recourse but your destruction is not a happy place.

2 Chronicles 36:17
Therefore he brought upon them the king of the Chaldees, who slew their young men with the sword in the house of their sanctuary, and had no compassion upon young man or maiden, old man, or him that stooped for age: he gave them all into his hand.

	rickowen Alma obviously had questions concerning the resurrection for which he obtained answers. He was concerned about the specifics so much as the doctrinal principles. (note for Alma 40:6)
	December 26, 2011 at 06:44 AM

Note: Alma obviously had questions concerning the resurrection for which he obtained answers. He was concerned about the specifics so much as the doctrinal principles.

Alma 40:6
Now there must needs be a space betwixt the time of death and the time of the resurrection.

	rickowen The Spirit warns him to admonish his children to not do that which he had done. I wonder if there is spiritual "DNA" that makes us more susceptible to certain sins than we are to other types... (note for Alma 39:13)
	December 26, 2011 at 06:40 AM

Note: The Spirit warns him to admonish his children to not do that which he had done. I wonder if there is spiritual "DNA" that makes us more susceptible to certain sins than we are to other types of sins.

Alma 39:13
That ye turn to the Lord with all your mind, might, and strength; that ye lead away the hearts of no more to do wickedly; but rather return unto them, and acknowledge your faults and that wrong which ye have done.

	rickowen Even though the oaths and covenants have not been revealed, Satan still manages to make them known to rising generations. (note for Alma 37:28)
	December 24, 2011 at 02:36 PM

Note: Even though the oaths and covenants have not been revealed, Satan still manages to make them known to rising generations.

Alma 37:28
For behold, there is a curse upon all this land, that destruction shall come upon all those workers of darkness, according to the power of God, when they are fully ripe; therefore I desire that this people might not be destroyed.

	rickowen I would be very interested in what it was that Alma saw about the church that made him struggle against it so mightily. Given his character, I cannot believe that be was just an airhead oppo... (note for Alma 36:24)
	December 23, 2011 at 04:44 PM

Note: I would be very interested in what it was that Alma saw about the church that made him struggle against it so mightily. Given his character, I cannot believe that be was just an airhead opponent of the church. He was into it so seriously that there had to be some principle upon which he was acting. I believe this because of his statement regarding what he has done since his epiphany; because of how he behaved (i.e. with focused determination) after his epiphany I believe he had those same characteristics prior to said event.

Alma 36:24
Yea, and from that time even until now, I have labored without ceasing, that I might bring souls unto repentance; that I might bring them to taste of the exceeding joy of which I did taste; that they might also be born of God, and be filled with the Holy Ghost.

	rickowen If this is in any kind of chronological sequence it is likely that Helaman was a youth of some years. Helaman was the oldest son and the younger sons were also old enough to have been on mis... (note for Alma 36:3)
	December 23, 2011 at 04:35 PM

Note: If this is in any kind of chronological sequence it is likely that Helaman was a youth of some years. Helaman was the oldest son and the younger sons were also old enough to have been on missions. In the case of Coriantom he was old enough to have commited sexual sin. The age of youth is generally a cultural thing and it appears that the Book of Mormon is no exception.

Alma 36:3
And now, O my son Helaman, behold, thou art in thy youth, and therefore, I beseech of thee that thou wilt hear my words and learn of me; for I do know that whosoever shall put their trust in God shall be supported in their trials, and their troubles, and their afflictions, and shall be lifted up at the last day.

	rickowen How does one contend with the Holy Ghost? It is not something that one can do over a long period of time; if you resist the promptings consistently it will repel the Spirit. Contending with ... (note for Alma 34:38)
	December 22, 2011 at 07:21 PM

Note: How does one contend with the Holy Ghost? It is not something that one can do over a long period of time; if you resist the promptings consistently it will repel the Spirit. Contending with the Spirit would also seem to imply that you have the Spirit and that you are engaging in acts that repel the Spirit (i.e., drive it away)

Alma 34:38
That ye contend no more against the Holy Ghost, but that ye receive it, and take upon you the name of Christ; that ye humble yourselves even to the dust, and worship God, in whatsoever place ye may be in, in spirit and in truth; and that ye live in thanksgiving daily, for the many mercies and blessings which he doth bestow upon you.

	rickowen I think it is very interesting that Amulek knew what had been taught to them. Either he had been among them while they were being taught, or he had taught it to them. Given the power of his ... (note for Alma 34:2)
	December 18, 2011 at 06:16 AM

Note: I think it is very interesting that Amulek knew what had been taught to them. Either he had been among them while they were being taught, or he had taught it to them. Given the power of his witness I believe it is impossible that he was among them after his conversion and not taught them.

Alma 34:2
My brethren, I think that it is impossible that ye should be ignorant of the things which have been spoken concerning the coming of Christ, who is taught by us to be the Son of God; yea, I know that these things were taught unto you bountifully before your dissension from among us.

	rickowen Forced humility is only a partial indicator of willingness to be converted. That is why great national calamities don't lead to mass conversions. It is still the weak and lowly of heart (ba... (note for Alma 32:14)
	December 18, 2011 at 06:01 AM

Note: Forced humility is only a partial indicator of willingness to be converted. That is why great national calamities don't lead to mass conversions. It is still the weak and lowly of heart (based on their desire to be meek) that are the golden contacts the missionaries seek.

Alma 32:14
And now, as I said unto you, that because ye were compelled to be humble ye were blessed, do ye not suppose that they are more blessed who truly humble themselves because of the word?

	rickowen Alma switches from preaching the word (to the condemnation of his audience) to an audience who hungered and thirsted for the words of salvation. No wonder he stopped almost mid-sentence to c... (note for Alma 32:7)
	December 18, 2011 at 05:54 AM

Note: Alma switches from preaching the word (to the condemnation of his audience) to an audience who hungered and thirsted for the words of salvation. No wonder he stopped almost mid-sentence to change audiences. And imagine the noses out of joint in the prior group: to be pre-empted by a bunch of ragtag Christians! What an insult.

Alma 32:7
Therefore he did say no more to the other multitude; but he stretched forth his hand, and cried unto those whom he beheld, who were truly penitent, and said unto them:

	rickowen Given that the multitude who came to Alma were specifically noted to be of the poor, I presume that this that were gathered to listen to Alma were much like those of Athens who gathered to h... (note for Alma 32:4)
	December 18, 2011 at 05:48 AM

Note: Given that the multitude who came to Alma were specifically noted to be of the poor, I presume that this that were gathered to listen to Alma were much like those of Athens who gathered to hear Paul: they spent their time going about looking for "some new thing" with which to amuse themselves.

Alma 32:4
Now, as Alma was teaching and speaking unto the people upon the hill Onidah, there came a great multitude unto him, who were those of whom we have been speaking, of whom were poor in heart, because of their poverty as to the things of the world.

	rickowen Satan is making no effort to hide his tactics. His intent is for them to worship him (a spirit forever) , to not believe in Christ (rather, to believe in a being that has NO power to save - ... (note for Alma 31:17)
	December 17, 2011 at 04:52 AM

Note: Satan is making no effort to hide his tactics. His intent is for them to worship him (a spirit forever) , to not believe in Christ (rather, to believe in a being that has NO power to save - Satan), and to resent any effort to change them from their current traditions to the truth.

Alma 31:17
But thou art the same yesterday, today, and forever; and thou hast elected us that we shall be saved, whilst all around us are elected to be cast by thy wrath down to hell; for the which holiness, O God, we thank thee; and we also thank thee that thou hast elected us, that we may not be led away after the foolish traditions of our brethren, which doth bind them down to a belief of Christ, which doth lead their hearts to wander far from thee, our God.

	rickowen This means that the Zoramites had entered into some covenants and were not doing this out of ignorance. Some Book of Mormon commentators believe that they were endowed and were breaking the ... (note for Alma 31:8)
	December 17, 2011 at 04:43 AM

Note: This means that the Zoramites had entered into some covenants and were not doing this out of ignorance. Some Book of Mormon commentators believe that they were endowed and were breaking the most solemn of covenants - our temple covenants.

Alma 31:8
Now the Zoramites were dissenters from the Nephites; therefore they had had the word of God preached unto them.

	rickowen This was a marvelous opportunity to proclaim the power of God and to attempt to reclaim those who had been foolish enough to follow Korihor. In modern terms this would be called psyops. You... (note for Alma 30:57)
	December 16, 2011 at 05:22 PM

Note: This was a marvelous opportunity to proclaim the power of God and to attempt to reclaim those who had been foolish enough to follow Korihor. In modern terms this would be called psyops. You get inside the head of the enemy and convince them that they need to change what they are doing or else something really bad will happen to them. "Psychological Operations or PSYOP are planned operations to convey selected information and indicators to audiences to influence their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately the behavior of organizations, groups, and individuals. Used in all aspects of war, it is a weapon whose effectiveness is limited only by the ingenuity of the commander using it." (From http://www.psywarrior.com/psyhist.html)

Alma 30:57
Now the knowledge of what had happened unto Korihor was immediately published throughout all the land; yea, the proclamation was sent forth by the chief judge to all the people in the land, declaring unto those who had believed in the words of Korihor that they must speedily repent, lest the same judgments would come unto them.

	rickowen This is absolutely fascinating. I wish there was a way to know the tone of his question. The chief judges question about "is there any one else you would like afflicted?" is where it could b... (note for Alma 30:51)
	December 13, 2011 at 10:22 AM

Note: This is absolutely fascinating. I wish there was a way to know the tone of his question. The chief judges question about "is there any one else you would like afflicted?" is where it could be serious, ironic, or mocking.

Alma 30:51
And now when the chief judge saw this, he put forth his hand and wrote unto Korihor, saying: Art thou convinced of the power of God? In whom did ye desire that Alma should show forth his sign? Would ye that he should afflict others, to show unto thee a sign? Behold, he has showed unto you a sign; and now will ye dispute more?

	rickowen One of the things that has always been a wonderment to me is the family life of the sons of Mosiah. To be gone for the length of time they were gone makes me think that they either took thei... (note for Alma 30:20)
	December 12, 2011 at 09:15 PM

Note: One of the things that has always been a wonderment to me is the family life of the sons of Mosiah. To be gone for the length of time they were gone makes me think that they either took their families with them, sent for them after they were established, or were married and began their families after they had such success with the people of Lamoni. The fact that Ammon was serving as the "high priest" in Jershon makes me think that at least Ammon married one of the Lamonites and chose to live with his wife's people (who had become so beloved to him by now) rather than return to Zarahemla.

Alma 30:20
But behold they were more wise than many of the Nephites; for they took him, and bound him, and carried him before Ammon, who was a high priest over that people.

	rickowen This is a great display of love towards the sons of Mosiah and by extension to Mosiah who the people still loved. (note for Alma 27:23)
	December 11, 2011 at 09:30 AM

Note: This is a great display of love towards the sons of Mosiah and by extension to Mosiah who the people still loved.

Alma 27:23
And behold, we will set our armies between the land Jershon and the land Nephi, that we may protect our brethren in the land Jershon; and this we do for our brethren, on account of their fear to take up arms against their brethren lest they should commit sin; and this their great fear came because of their sore repentance which they had, on account of their many murders and their awful wickedness.

	rickowen Because these are the mysteries that are known only to the penitent to whom has been granted the Spirit of revelation. (note for Alma 26:21)
	December 11, 2011 at 09:24 AM

Note: Because these are the mysteries that are known only to the penitent to whom has been granted the Spirit of revelation.

Alma 26:21
And now behold, my brethren, what natural man is there that knoweth these things? I say unto you, there is none that knoweth these things, save it be the penitent.

	rickowen Talk about divine justice. The irony is remarkable even as Mormon understates it. (note for Alma 25:2)
	December 11, 2011 at 09:16 AM

Note: Talk about divine justice. The irony is remarkable even as Mormon understates it.

Alma 25:2
But they took their armies and went over into the borders of the land of Zarahemla, and fell upon the people who were in the land of Ammonihah and destroyed them.

	rickowen Even though the word murder is used, I believe we have to look at the intent of these scriptures. They have had a change of heart. They were guilty of whatever they had done in the past, inc... (note for Alma 24:12)
	December 11, 2011 at 07:40 AM

Note: Even though the word murder is used, I believe we have to look at the intent of these scriptures. They have had a change of heart. They were guilty of whatever they had done in the past, including robbery, warrings, etc.). In this respect they were like the Sons of Mosiah, who also used the word murder to describe their attempts to draw away the believers. I think one of the points is to draw a parallel between them and the sons of Mosiah.

Alma 24:12
Now, my best beloved brethren, since God hath taken away our stains, and our swords have become bright, then let us stain our swords no more with the blood of our brethren.

	rickowen The name is very curious. What is the significance of the "anti" - does it mean the same as it does in our culture? (note for Alma 23:17)
	December 11, 2011 at 05:44 AM

Note: The name is very curious. What is the significance of the "anti" - does it mean the same as it does in our culture?

Alma 23:17
And it came to pass that they called their names Anti-Nephi-Lehies; and they were called by this name and were no more called Lamanites.

	rickowen This enumeration of who joined the church makes my point. Why go to the effort to write those down if Lamanites were the only ones who lived in these regions. The fact that he used the term ... (note for Alma 23:13)
	December 11, 2011 at 05:23 AM

Note: This enumeration of who joined the church makes my point. Why go to the effort to write those down if Lamanites were the only ones who lived in these regions. The fact that he used the term Lamanite is also, I believe, significant. We already know that the king is a descendant of Ishmael. If only the descendants of Ishmael joined the church I believe he would have said so. The fact that he called them Lamanites makes me believe that there were non-Lamanites living in the area as well. Who would these non-Lamanites have been? They were the "other" people that were already living in the land when Lehi and his family arrived.

Alma 23:13
And these are the names of the cities of the Lamanites which were converted unto the Lord; and these are they that laid down the weapons of their rebellion, yea, all their weapons of war; and they were all Lamanites.

	rickowen The way things are described it sounds like there was not a heterogeneous population of Lamanites, but rather. a variety of folks; some more inclined to coexist peacefully with Nephites tha... (note for Alma 23:5)
	December 11, 2011 at 05:10 AM

Note: The way things are described it sounds like there was not a heterogeneous population of Lamanites, but rather. a variety of folks; some more inclined to coexist peacefully with Nephites than others. Again, (see my note from the previous chapter - Alma 22:19) it doesn't sound to me like a mix that contains only one kind of candy - it had a variety of types. Certainly, the Lord respected the agency of each of these, his children, and none of them were forced the accept the gospel - even if the king had accepted the Gospel (this agency being the whole point of the king's proclamation - no coercion to believe or not to believe).

Alma 23:5
And thousands were brought to the knowledge of the Lord, yea, thousands were brought to believe in the traditions of the Nephites; and they were taught the records and prophecies which were handed down even to the present time.

	rickowen We must see our struggling brothers and sisters through the eyes of our Heavenly Father. (note for 2 Nephi 26:27)
	December 10, 2011 at 04:42 PM

Note: We must see our struggling brothers and sisters through the eyes of our Heavenly Father.

2 Nephi 26:27
Hath he commanded any that they should not partake of his salvation? Behold I say unto you, Nay; but he hath given it free for all men; and he hath commanded his people that they should persuade all men to repentance.

	rickowen Our motive must always be love. (note for 2 Nephi 26:24)
	December 10, 2011 at 04:32 PM

Note: Our motive must always be love.

2 Nephi 26:24
He doeth not anything save it be for the benefit of the world; for he loveth the world, even that he layeth down his own life that he may draw all men unto him. Wherefore, he commandeth none that they shall not partake of his salvation.

	rickowen This little discussion about the Lamanites is very interesting. There is no evidence other than coincidental events, but there is enough evidence to convince me that not all Lamanites were ... (note for Alma 22:29)
	December 9, 2011 at 01:11 PM

Note: This little discussion about the Lamanites is very interesting. There is no evidence other than coincidental events, but there is enough evidence to convince me that not all Lamanites were descendants of Laman and Lemuel. In fact, the "more idle" part of the Lamanites (and Nephites) sounds to me like a separate group that were not part of the actual descendants of Lehi. There is a recurring thought in my mind that there was an indigenous group of people, treated as subservients by the Lamanites that make up a large part of the group we call the Lamanites. I see them as more malleable than true Lamanites; more willing to believe, but more willing to fall away quickly as well, which explains in my mind the quickness for both Lamanites and Nephites (i.e., the indigenous Lamanites and Nephites)

Alma 22:29
And also there were many Lamanites on the east by the seashore, whither the Nephites had driven them. And thus the Nephites were nearly surrounded by the Lamanites; nevertheless the Nephites had taken possession of all the northern parts of the land bordering on the wilderness, at the head of the river Sidon, from the east to the west, round about on the wilderness side; on the north, even until they came to the land which they called Bountiful.

	rickowen Here is another indication that the book was not written by someone from our culture. We are not given to being emotionally overcome by spiritual things. I realize that God can overcome us w... (note for Alma 19:14)
	December 6, 2011 at 12:31 PM

Note: Here is another indication that the book was not written by someone from our culture. We are not given to being emotionally overcome by spiritual things. I realize that God can overcome us with his spirit, but it is not a natural state of things, especially among men on the edge of the American frontier in the early 1800s.

Alma 19:14
Now Ammon seeing the Spirit of the Lord poured out according to his prayers upon the Lamanites, his brethren, who had been the cause of so much mourning among the Nephites, or among all the people of God because of their iniquities and their traditions, he fell upon his knees, and began to pour out his soul in prayer and thanksgiving to God for what he had done for his brethren; and he was also overpowered with joy; and thus they all three had sunk to the earth.

	rickowen It had been two days. Ammon says after the third day he would awake. This is the same period of time that Alma lay unconscious to the world. The pattern here is, of course, the resurrection. (note for Alma 19:9)
	December 6, 2011 at 12:20 PM

Note: It had been two days. Ammon says after the third day he would awake. This is the same period of time that Alma lay unconscious to the world. The pattern here is, of course, the resurrection.

Alma 19:9
And Ammon said unto her: Believest thou this? And she said unto him: I have had no witness save thy word, and the word of our servants; nevertheless I believe that it shall be according as thou hast said.

	rickowen Reading the previous verse convinces me that one of the things Ammon did during this time was to pray that he would have this opportunity to show the power of God to the queen as he had to t... (note for Alma 19:7)
	December 6, 2011 at 12:17 PM

Note: Reading the previous verse convinces me that one of the things Ammon did during this time was to pray that he would have this opportunity to show the power of God to the queen as he had to the king.

Alma 19:7
Therefore, what the queen desired of him was his only desire. Therefore, he went in to see the king according as the queen had desired him; and he saw the king, and he knew that he was not dead.

	rickowen There are a host of questions that are left unanswered here. Where has Ammon been for the time that the King has been unconscious? Do the King and Queen have separate living spaces? They ob... (note for Alma 19:3)
	December 6, 2011 at 11:36 AM

Note: There are a host of questions that are left unanswered here. Where has Ammon been for the time that the King has been unconscious? Do the King and Queen have separate living spaces? They obviously have different servants, which makes sense.

Alma 19:3
And it came to pass that Ammon did as he was commanded, and went in unto the queen, and desired to know what she would that he should do.

	rickowen I wonder why he didn't give Lamoni a simple answer to his question. The question "Are you sent from God? " is a pretty straightforward question that it seems like Ammon would want to answer. (note for Alma 18:36)
	December 6, 2011 at 11:32 AM

Note: I wonder why he didn't give Lamoni a simple answer to his question. The question "Are you sent from God? " is a pretty straightforward question that it seems like Ammon would want to answer.

Alma 18:36
Now when Ammon had said these words, he began at the creation of the world, and also the creation of Adam, and told him all the things concerning the fall of man, and rehearsed and laid before him the records and the holy scriptures of the people, which had been spoken by the prophets, even down to the time that their father, Lehi, left Jerusalem.

	rickowen It is hard to imagine the actual details of this meeting. Did Ammon stand before the King for an hour waiting for a response? Was the king completely silent? Our mental image of a European f... (note for Alma 18:16)
	December 5, 2011 at 09:52 PM

Note: It is hard to imagine the actual details of this meeting. Did Ammon stand before the King for an hour waiting for a response? Was the king completely silent? Our mental image of a European feudal king in his stone castle, guarded by his knights, is pretty hard to get past. In reality, we have no way of knowing what the actual meeting was like.

Alma 18:16
And it came to pass that Ammon, being filled with the Spirit of God, therefore he perceived the thoughts of the king. And he said unto him: Is it because thou hast heard that I defended thy servants and thy flocks, and slew seven of their brethren with the sling and with the sword, and smote off the arms of others, in order to defend thy flocks and thy servants; behold, is it this that causeth thy marvelings?

	rickowen Ammon makes sure that Lamoni understands every term, so that there is no room for any misunderstanding. (note for Alma 18:30)
	December 5, 2011 at 09:39 PM

Note: Ammon makes sure that Lamoni understands every term, so that there is no room for any misunderstanding.

Alma 18:30
And Ammon said unto him: The heavens is a place where God dwells and all his holy angels.

	rickowen Zeezrom continued faithful and went with Alma to teach the Zoramites. He was mentioned several times in conjunction with that mission. See Alma 31:6 for the beginning of that missionary eff... (note for Alma 15:13)
	December 5, 2011 at 06:28 PM

Note: Zeezrom continued faithful and went with Alma to teach the Zoramites. He was mentioned several times in conjunction with that mission. See Alma 31:6 for the beginning of that missionary effort.

Alma 15:13
And Alma established a church in the land of Sidom, and consecrated priests and teachers in the land, to baptize unto the Lord whosoever were desirous to be baptized.

	rickowen In this instance the "Lamanite" appellation appears to be applied as "groups who are not believers in Christ" rather than as a designation of a specific ancestry. (note for Alma 17:19)
	December 4, 2011 at 04:25 AM

Note: In this instance the "Lamanite" appellation appears to be applied as "groups who are not believers in Christ" rather than as a designation of a specific ancestry.

Alma 17:19
And Ammon went to the land of Ishmael, the land being called after the sons of Ishmael, who also became Lamanites.

	rickowen 'in their temples, and in their sanctuaries, and also in their synagogues' is an interesting way to describe their places of worship. Their was clearly something that distinguished them from... (note for Alma 16:14)
	December 3, 2011 at 09:59 PM

Note: 'in their temples, and in their sanctuaries, and also in their synagogues' is an interesting way to describe their places of worship. Their was clearly something that distinguished them from one another, but we are not really given any clues. We could infer that a temple was the same as an Old Testament temple, but we have no clue of the difference in function or for between a sanctuary and a synagogue.

Alma 16:14
And as many as would hear their words, unto them they did impart the word of God, without any respect of persons, continually.

	rickowen Mormon also uses very strong contrasting images to show the utter futility of rejecting God compared with the joy and happiness that come from accepting his word and keeping his commandment... (note for Alma 16:13)
	December 3, 2011 at 08:53 AM

Note: Mormon also uses very strong contrasting images to show the utter futility of rejecting God compared with the joy and happiness that come from accepting his word and keeping his commandments.

Alma 16:13
And Alma and Amulek went forth preaching repentance to the people in their temples, and in their sanctuaries, and also in their synagogues, which were built after the manner of the Jews.

	rickowen Mormon is quick to point out that the people had Ammonihah received every curse that had been pronounced them for having violated their covenants, murdering innocent people, and making a moc... (note for Alma 16:9)
	December 3, 2011 at 08:50 AM

Note: Mormon is quick to point out that the people had Ammonihah received every curse that had been pronounced them for having violated their covenants, murdering innocent people, and making a mockery of God.

Alma 16:9
And thus ended the eleventh year of the judges, the Lamanites having been driven out of the land, and the people of Ammonihah were destroyed; yea, every living soul of the Ammonihahites was destroyed, and also their great city, which they said God could not destroy, because of its greatness.

	rickowen See the notes at the end of Alma 10. Zeezrom lived in Sidom and not in Ammonihah. See Alma 16:3. Zeezrom was very fortunate. Antionah was not so lucky. (note for Alma 15:5)
	December 3, 2011 at 08:36 AM

Note: See the notes at the end of Alma 10. Zeezrom lived in Sidom and not in Ammonihah. See Alma 16:3. Zeezrom was very fortunate. Antionah was not so lucky.

Alma 15:5
And it came to pass that they went immediately, obeying the message which he had sent unto them; and they went in unto the house unto Zeezrom; and they found him upon his bed, sick, being very low with a burning fever; and his mind also was exceedingly sore because of his iniquities; and when he saw them he stretched forth his hand, and besought them that they would heal him.

	rickowen Amulek's sacrifice seems to have been significant. When Alma first met Amulek he had a family in his household; now he is alone. The prior verses say that he was rejected by his Father and o... (note for Alma 15:18)
	December 3, 2011 at 08:35 AM

Note: Amulek's sacrifice seems to have been significant. When Alma first met Amulek he had a family in his household; now he is alone. The prior verses say that he was rejected by his Father and other "kindred," but it does not elaborate. Did his wife and his children abandon him? Were they some of the martyrs? We may not know until we either get the record of Alma and read the whole story, or meet Amulek and ask him.

Alma 15:18
Now as I said, Alma having seen all these things, therefore he took Amulek and came over to the land of Zarahemla, and took him to his own house, and did administer unto him in his tribulations, and strengthened him in the Lord.

	rickowen At this point Zeezrom was acting purely on faith. He had only heard the word preached; he had no independent witness other than what he might have felt while laying sick with a fever. His c... (note for Alma 15:7)
	December 3, 2011 at 08:30 AM

Note: At this point Zeezrom was acting purely on faith. He had only heard the word preached; he had no independent witness other than what he might have felt while laying sick with a fever. His conversion is often overlooked because of Amulek, but in terms of the length of his journey to Christ, his road may have been much longer than Amulek's.

Alma 15:7
And he answered and said: Yea, I believe all the words that thou hast taught.

	rickowen We learn in Alma 15:5 that Zeezrom lives in Sidom and not in Ammonihah. It would be fascinating to know the circumstances that took him to Ammonihah that day. I have no doubt that in retrosp... (note for Alma 10:31)
	December 3, 2011 at 04:39 AM

Note: We learn in Alma 15:5 that Zeezrom lives in Sidom and not in Ammonihah. It would be fascinating to know the circumstances that took him to Ammonihah that day. I have no doubt that in retrospect he would say that the circumstances were miraculous.

Alma 10:31
And there was one among them whose name was Zeezrom. Now he was the foremost to accuse Amulek and Alma, he being one of the most expert among them, having much business to do among the people.

	rickowen Oh how quickly so-called friends abandon you when you expose their devious agenda. Zeezrom deserves a lot of credit for his willingness to recognize the great evil he had helped establish, a... (note for Alma 14:7)
	December 2, 2011 at 10:28 PM

Note: Oh how quickly so-called friends abandon you when you expose their devious agenda. Zeezrom deserves a lot of credit for his willingness to recognize the great evil he had helped establish, and his courage in trying to save Alma and Amulek.

Alma 14:7
And it came to pass that he began to cry unto the people, saying: Behold, I am guilty, and these men are spotless before God. And he began to plead for them from that time forth; but they reviled him, saying: Art thou also possessed with the devil? And they spit upon him, and cast him out from among them, and also all those who believed in the words which had been spoken by Alma and Amulek; and they cast them out, and sent men to cast stones at them.

	rickowen Why did they not "put them away privily"? Was it because there were too many witnesses, or was this another miracle where, despite what they wanted to do, they were unable to do it. (note for Alma 14:4)
	December 2, 2011 at 06:19 AM

Note: Why did they not "put them away privily"? Was it because there were too many witnesses, or was this another miracle where, despite what they wanted to do, they were unable to do it.

Alma 14:4
But it came to pass that they did not; but they took them and bound them with strong cords, and took them before the chief judge of the land.

	rickowen See Moroni 7:30-32 (note for Alma 13:26)
	December 2, 2011 at 06:11 AM

Note: See Moroni 7:30-32

Alma 13:26
And it shall be made known unto just and holy men, by the mouth of angels, at the time of his coming, that the words of our fathers may be fulfilled, according to that which they have spoken concerning him, which was according to the spirit of prophecy which was in them.

	rickowen He need not rehearse this matter because they are already aware of it? That is how I interpret that. It is like us saying "I don't need to remind you about Mose's experience on the shores of... (note for Alma 13:20)
	December 2, 2011 at 05:29 AM

Note: He need not rehearse this matter because they are already aware of it? That is how I interpret that. It is like us saying "I don't need to remind you about Mose's experience on the shores of the Red Sea with the Egyptian army behind him."

Alma 13:20
Now I need not rehearse the matter; what I have said may suffice. Behold, the scriptures are before you; if ye will wrest them it shall be to your own destruction.

	rickowen There is a great deal of difference between this discussion on the responsibilities of Melchizedek priesthood holders and the discussion on faith as a seed that the Zoramites received. Clear... (note for Alma 13:14)
	December 2, 2011 at 05:23 AM

Note: There is a great deal of difference between this discussion on the responsibilities of Melchizedek priesthood holders and the discussion on faith as a seed that the Zoramites received. Clearly the audiences were in different stages of progression in and knowledge of the plan of salvation.

Alma 13:14
Yea, humble yourselves even as the people in the days of Melchizedek, who was also a high priest after this same order which I have spoken, who also took upon him the high priesthood forever.

	rickowen Another small indication that the Book was not the work of Joseph's ingenuity. In our culture we do not think forward to remember something. We "think back" to the time when something happen... (note for Alma 13:1)
	December 2, 2011 at 05:10 AM

Note: Another small indication that the Book was not the work of Joseph's ingenuity. In our culture we do not think forward to remember something. We "think back" to the time when something happened.

Alma 13:1
And again, my brethren, I would cite your minds forward to the time when the Lord God gave these commandments unto his children; and I would that ye should remember that the Lord God ordained priests, after his holy order, which was after the order of his Son, to teach these things unto the people.

	rickowen I have seen with my own eyes and observed in my own family and acquaintances how quickly and thoroughly knowledge of the Gospel flees when you are not actually involved in the workings of th... (note for Alma 12:11)
	November 30, 2011 at 09:44 PM

Note: I have seen with my own eyes and observed in my own family and acquaintances how quickly and thoroughly knowledge of the Gospel flees when you are not actually involved in the workings of the church.

Alma 12:11
And they that will harden their hearts, to them is given the lesser portion of the word until they know nothing concerning his mysteries; and then they are taken captive by the devil, and led by his will down to destruction. Now this is what is meant by the chains of hell.

	rickowen This is very curious, that Mormon would stop to describe the conversion rate. I am very curious as to why it is included. (note for Alma 11:3)
	November 30, 2011 at 06:45 PM

Note: This is very curious, that Mormon would stop to describe the conversion rate. I am very curious as to why it is included.

Alma 11:3
And the judge received for his wages according to his time—a senine of gold for a day, or a senum of silver, which is equal to a senine of gold; and this is according to the law which was given.

	rickowen It would be interesting to live in a time and place where a person's word meant something. In our day and age the testimony of a witness means little except in a court of law, and even there... (note for Alma 10:13)
	November 30, 2011 at 06:39 PM

Note: It would be interesting to live in a time and place where a person's word meant something. In our day and age the testimony of a witness means little except in a court of law, and even there, people are willing to perjure themselves too readily.

Alma 10:13
Nevertheless, there were some among them who thought to question them, that by their cunning devices they might catch them in their words, that they might find witness against them, that they might deliver them to their judges that they might be judged according to the law, and that they might be slain or cast into prison, according to the crime which they could make appear or witness against them.

	rickowen I don't know for sure, but it would not surprise me if this were the same angel that visited Alma. (note for Alma 10:8)
	November 30, 2011 at 06:26 PM

Note: I don't know for sure, but it would not surprise me if this were the same angel that visited Alma.

Alma 10:8
And it came to pass that I obeyed the voice of the angel, and returned towards my house. And as I was going thither I found the man whom the angel said unto me: Thou shalt receive into thy house—and behold it was this same man who has been speaking unto you concerning the things of God.

	rickowen He is not only a man of some standing in their community, but he also had a sterling pedigree as a descendant of prophets. (note for Alma 10:4)
	November 29, 2011 at 09:48 PM

Note: He is not only a man of some standing in their community, but he also had a sterling pedigree as a descendant of prophets.

Alma 10:4
And behold, I am also a man of no small reputation among all those who know me; yea, and behold, I have many kindreds and friends, and I have also acquired much riches by the hand of my industry.

	rickowen It is bad enough that we sin, but to sin after having such great blessings and such light and knowledge is to mock God, and to deny his goodness and to fail to show gratitude. (note for Alma 9:20)
	November 29, 2011 at 09:42 PM

Note: It is bad enough that we sin, but to sin after having such great blessings and such light and knowledge is to mock God, and to deny his goodness and to fail to show gratitude.

Alma 9:20
Yea, after having been such a highly favored people of the Lord; yea, after having been favored above every other nation, kindred, tongue, or people; after having had all things made known unto them, according to their desires, and their faith, and prayers, of that which has been, and which is, and which is to come;

	rickowen That must have been a challenge for Amulek; to go from an inactive member of the church to calling your neighbors to repentance to avoid physical destruction is quit a stretch for anyone, le... (note for Alma 8:30)
	November 28, 2011 at 09:39 PM

Note: That must have been a challenge for Amulek; to go from an inactive member of the church to calling your neighbors to repentance to avoid physical destruction is quit a stretch for anyone, let alone some who fits Amulek's profile.

Alma 8:30
And Alma went forth, and also Amulek, among the people, to declare the words of God unto them; and they were filled with the Holy Ghost.

	rickowen Why would Alma stay "many days" before he began to teach his message? Was it because he needed to teach Amulek the gospel? The record says "the people did wax more gross in their iniquities"... (note for Alma 8:27)
	November 28, 2011 at 09:36 PM

Note: Why would Alma stay "many days" before he began to teach his message? Was it because he needed to teach Amulek the gospel? The record says "the people did wax more gross in their iniquities", so it might also have been a case where Alma was waiting for them to seal their own fate.

Alma 8:27
And Alma tarried many days with Amulek before he began to preach unto the people.

	rickowen He returned speedily indicates an attitude of obedience that should be seen in all of my actions relative to the commandments of God. (note for Alma 8:18)
	November 27, 2011 at 10:40 AM

Note: He returned speedily indicates an attitude of obedience that should be seen in all of my actions relative to the commandments of God.

Alma 8:18
Now it came to pass that after Alma had received his message from the angel of the Lord he returned speedily to the land of Ammonihah. And he entered the city by another way, yea, by the way which is on the south of the city of Ammonihah.

	rickowen I would love to know who was this angel, and his relationship to Alma. (note for Alma 8:16)
	November 27, 2011 at 10:39 AM

Note: I would love to know who was this angel, and his relationship to Alma.

Alma 8:16
And behold, I am sent to command thee that thou return to the city of Ammonihah, and preach again unto the people of the city; yea, preach unto them. Yea, say unto them, except they repent the Lord God will destroy them.

	rickowen Note that it was their wickedness that had Alma weighed down. It was not their treatment of him, it was their treatment of the Lord's gospel that had him upset. (note for Alma 8:14)
	November 27, 2011 at 10:34 AM

Note: Note that it was their wickedness that had Alma weighed down. It was not their treatment of him, it was their treatment of the Lord's gospel that had him upset.

Alma 8:14
And it came to pass that while he was journeying thither, being weighed down with sorrow, wading through much tribulation and anguish of soul, because of the wickedness of the people who were in the city of Ammonihah, it came to pass while Alma was thus weighed down with sorrow, behold an angel of the Lord appeared unto him, saying:

	rickowen His paths are straight. The course we set as we traverse them determines our relationship to the Gospel, and our relationship to the Savior. (note for Alma 7:19)
	November 27, 2011 at 07:08 AM

Note: His paths are straight. The course we set as we traverse them determines our relationship to the Gospel, and our relationship to the Savior.

Alma 7:19
For I perceive that ye are in the paths of righteousness; I perceive that ye are in the path which leads to the kingdom of God; yea, I perceive that ye are making his paths straight.

	rickowen Why would Mormon take the time to point this out. Was he concerned that he sounded harsh in the previous statement about those that would not repent? (note for Alma 6:5)
	November 27, 2011 at 06:46 AM

Note: Why would Mormon take the time to point this out. Was he concerned that he sounded harsh in the previous statement about those that would not repent?

Alma 6:5
Now I would that ye should understand that the word of God was liberal unto all, that none were deprived of the privilege of assembling themselves together to hear the word of God.

	rickowen The poor and the needy will always be with us because they are a great check against pride and selfishness. As long as we are subject to these evils, the Lord will provide us with a means to... (note for Alma 5:55)
	November 27, 2011 at 06:30 AM

Note: The poor and the needy will always be with us because they are a great check against pride and selfishness. As long as we are subject to these evils, the Lord will provide us with a means to prove ourselves (or not).

Alma 5:55
Yea, and will you persist in turning your backs upon the poor, and the needy, and in withholding your substance from them?

	rickowen Not only is he preaching that which was taught by their fathers, but he also has a testimony of its truthfulness, having paid the price to be worthy to have those truths confirmed to his so... (note for Alma 5:45)
	November 24, 2011 at 09:23 AM

Note: Not only is he preaching that which was taught by their fathers, but he also has a testimony of its truthfulness, having paid the price to be worthy to have those truths confirmed to his soul as well.

Alma 5:45
And this is not all. Do ye not suppose that I know of these things myself? Behold, I testify unto you that I do know that these things whereof I have spoken are true. And how do ye suppose that I know of their surety?

	rickowen The imagery here is marvelous. Christ stands before is in robe of shining white stained with the blood with which be bought our freedom. We kneel (or cower in dismay) before him in robes spo... (note for Alma 5:23)
	November 24, 2011 at 06:13 AM

Note: The imagery here is marvelous. Christ stands before is in robe of shining white stained with the blood with which be bought our freedom. We kneel (or cower in dismay) before him in robes spotted with all manner of filthiness - the visible manifestation of our wicked acts. The contrast will be sickening.

Alma 5:23
Behold will they not testify that ye are murderers, yea, and also that ye are guilty of all manner of wickedness?

	rickowen What does it mean that their souls did expand? According to Doctrine and Covenants 88:15 the soul is comprised of the spirit and the body of man. For the soul to expand, one or both of the e... (note for Alma 5:9)
	November 24, 2011 at 06:08 AM

Note: What does it mean that their souls did expand? According to Doctrine and Covenants 88:15 the soul is comprised of the spirit and the body of man. For the soul to expand, one or both of the elements of the soul must expand. The spirit is the only reasonable option. Therefore their spirits expanded. Now, what is the implication of the spirit expanding? I believe it means that our capacity to respond to spititual communication has increased. When our soul expands, we have greater capacity to love, greater spiritual perceptivity, and greater desire to be obedient to the will of God. Our capacity (our own willingness and capability) to be redeemed has been increased. When we are grossly wicked it takes a great deal of effort on our part to move toward Heavenly Father, but as we do so, our capacity increases, and we don't have quit as much inertia to overcome. Each effort towards the Father makes the next effort less difficult. The concept of bands (chains of hell) being loosed (but not released) speaks to that same idea of overcoming our natural man (the gravitational pull towards sin) and moving towards Christ and the Father.

Alma 5:9
And again I ask, were the bands of death broken, and the chains of hell which encircled them about, were they loosed? I say unto you, Yea, they were loosed, and their souls did expand, and they did sing redeeming love. And I say unto you that they are saved.

	rickowen It is interesting that Alma, who had been appointed by the voice of the people, was able to select his own successor. (note for Alma 4:17)
	November 23, 2011 at 05:32 PM

Note: It is interesting that Alma, who had been appointed by the voice of the people, was able to select his own successor.

Alma 4:17
Now this man's name was Nephihah, and he was appointed chief judge; and he sat in the judgment-seat to judge and to govern the people.

	rickowen This is so typical of that "liberal" mindset. It's all about the marketplace of ideas until someone begins to question your idea. Then fair play goes out the window and it's back to coercion... (note for Alma 1:9)
	November 20, 2011 at 08:56 PM

Note: This is so typical of that "liberal" mindset. It's all about the marketplace of ideas until someone begins to question your idea. Then fair play goes out the window and it's back to coercion to get what they want.

Alma 1:9
Now, because Gideon withstood him with the words of God he was wroth with Gideon, and drew his sword and began to smite him. Now Gideon being stricken with many years, therefore he was not able to withstand his blows, therefore he was slain by the sword.

	rickowen This esteemed loved is how I feel about Gordon B. Hinckley. He was a man of King Mosiah's stature. His purpose was to serve God, and he did that in an exemplary manner. (note for Mosiah 29:40)
	November 20, 2011 at 06:48 AM

Note: This esteemed loved is how I feel about Gordon B. Hinckley. He was a man of King Mosiah's stature. His purpose was to serve God, and he did that in an exemplary manner.

Mosiah 29:40
And they did wax strong in love towards Mosiah; yea, they did esteem him more than any other man; for they did not look upon him as a tyrant who was seeking for gain, yea, for that lucre which doth corrupt the soul; for he had not exacted riches of them, neither had he delighted in the shedding of blood; but he had established peace in the land, and he had granted unto his people that they should be delivered from all manner of bondage; therefore they did esteem him, yea, exceedingly, beyond measure.

	rickowen It is very likely that Alma helped him write the translation. Also, it is interesting that it was the king and not the high priest that translated the records. There is clearly a more comple... (note for Mosiah 28:12)
	November 20, 2011 at 06:42 AM

Note: It is very likely that Alma helped him write the translation. Also, it is interesting that it was the king and not the high priest that translated the records. There is clearly a more complex arrangement at play than what is described in these Scriptures.

Mosiah 28:12
And this he did because of the great anxiety of his people; for they were desirous beyond measure to know concerning those people who had been destroyed.

	rickowen See Alma 8:15. The angel has an opportunity to speak again to Alma. It is the reward that a righteous disciple of Christ (the angel) received for his obedience. (note for Mosiah 27:18)
	November 20, 2011 at 06:30 AM

Note: See Alma 8:15. The angel has an opportunity to speak again to Alma. It is the reward that a righteous disciple of Christ (the angel) received for his obedience.

Mosiah 27:18
And now Alma and those that were with him fell again to the earth, for great was their astonishment; for with their own eyes they had beheld an angel of the Lord; and his voice was as thunder, which shook the earth; and they knew that there was nothing save the power of God that could shake the earth and cause it to tremble as though it would part asunder.

	rickowen Alma could not remember the captivity of his father unless he had been there himself or unless the story had been recounted in the household. (note for Mosiah 27:16)
	November 20, 2011 at 05:41 AM

Note: Alma could not remember the captivity of his father unless he had been there himself or unless the story had been recounted in the household.

Mosiah 27:16
Now I say unto thee: Go, and remember the captivity of thy fathers in the land of Helam, and in the land of Nephi; and remember how great things he has done for them; for they were in bondage, and he has delivered them. And now I say unto thee, Alma, go thy way, and seek to destroy the church no more, that their prayers may be answered, and this even if thou wilt of thyself be cast off.

	rickowen Even Mormon notes that what they were doing was against the law and God's commandments. It was against the law to lie (which would indict almost every sitting politician today) which was lik... (note for Mosiah 27:10)
	November 20, 2011 at 05:39 AM

Note: Even Mormon notes that what they were doing was against the law and God's commandments. It was against the law to lie (which would indict almost every sitting politician today) which was likely the area where their actions were illegal.

Mosiah 27:10
And now it came to pass that while he was going about to destroy the church of God, for he did go about secretly with the sons of Mosiah seeking to destroy the church, and to lead astray the people of the Lord, contrary to the commandments of God, or even the king—

	rickowen There was a distinct separation between the church and the government, but it wasn't the kind of separation we see in our day. Ours is a line drawn in the sand, which, if even approached, se... (note for Mosiah 27:6)
	November 20, 2011 at 05:35 AM

Note: There was a distinct separation between the church and the government, but it wasn't the kind of separation we see in our day. Ours is a line drawn in the sand, which, if even approached, sets of cries of religious coercion. It is a very antagonistic relationship. The Nephite perception was much different. It appears to be founded upon the expectation that adults in the community behaved in a certain manner. Whether or not you were a believer was irrelevant. However, if you chose not to be part of the religious community, the commandments of God regarding belief could not be impossed upon you. The difference between the two is striking. The Nephite tradition places the observation of agency at the pinnacle of individual rights and does not violate that right. Our tradition of the "separation of church and state" is based on the idea that religion (God) has no place in the public square, and that government is the ultimate authority.

Mosiah 27:6
And there began to be much peace again in the land; and the people began to be very numerous, and began to scatter abroad upon the face of the earth, yea, on the north and on the south, on the east and on the west, building large cities and villages in all quarters of the land.

	rickowen However, as king, there were things that it was appropriate for Mosiah to regulate, and after hearing Alma's petition, he passed a law that was consistent with his belief regarding the limi... (note for Mosiah 27:4)
	November 20, 2011 at 05:16 AM

Note: However, as king, there were things that it was appropriate for Mosiah to regulate, and after hearing Alma's petition, he passed a law that was consistent with his belief regarding the limited role government had in interfering with the functioning of the church.

Mosiah 27:4
That they should let no pride nor haughtiness disturb their peace; that every man should esteem his neighbor as himself, laboring with their own hands for their support.

	rickowen What follows is an interesting back and forth between Alma and Mosiah as they sought to understand the limits of government and the limits of theocratic power and how the two played nicely t... (note for Mosiah 26:8)
	November 19, 2011 at 05:39 PM

Note: What follows is an interesting back and forth between Alma and Mosiah as they sought to understand the limits of government and the limits of theocratic power and how the two played nicely together.

Mosiah 26:8
Now king Mosiah had given Alma the authority over the church.

	rickowen The way they are described, it makes them sound as if this particular group of unbelievers never reclaimed to the faith, which makes it seem even more likely that there was a specific reason... (note for Mosiah 26:4)
	November 19, 2011 at 05:35 PM

Note: The way they are described, it makes them sound as if this particular group of unbelievers never reclaimed to the faith, which makes it seem even more likely that there was a specific reason why a whole group of youth grew up so hardened. It makes the redemption of Alma and the Sons of Mosiah even more significant.

Mosiah 26:4
And they would not be baptized; neither would they join the church. And they were a separate people as to their faith, and remained so ever after, even in their carnal and sinful state; for they would not call upon the Lord their God.

	rickowen Why did this happen. Mormon seems to be clear to me that these particular problem children had heard King Benjamin's sermon at the Temple. Had their parents lost their faith at some point? (note for Mosiah 26:3)
	November 19, 2011 at 05:29 PM

Note: Why did this happen. Mormon seems to be clear to me that these particular problem children had heard King Benjamin's sermon at the Temple. Had their parents lost their faith at some point?

Mosiah 26:3
And now because of their unbelief they could not understand the word of God; and their hearts were hardened.

	rickowen There are a number of groups of seven in the Book of Mormon. (note for Mosiah 25:23)
	November 19, 2011 at 05:16 PM

Note: There are a number of groups of seven in the Book of Mormon.

Mosiah 25:23
And now there were seven churches in the land of Zarahemla. And it came to pass that whosoever were desirous to take upon them the name of Christ, or of God, they did join the churches of God;

	rickowen I am not a demographer, but some things stand out that are quit interesting. First is that there were more Mulekites than there were Nephites. Secondly, the Lamanites were twice as numerous ... (note for Mosiah 25:3)
	November 19, 2011 at 05:10 PM

Note: I am not a demographer, but some things stand out that are quit interesting. First is that there were more Mulekites than there were Nephites. Secondly, the Lamanites were twice as numerous as the combined descendants of Mulek and Nephi. This second fact says to me that there were indigenous people with whom the Lamanites were more likely to intermarry than the Nephites. The fact that there were more Mulekites than Nephites also lends credence to the idea of an indigenous people with whom the Mulekites had also intermarried.

Mosiah 25:3
And there were not so many of the people of Nephi and of the people of Zarahemla as there were of the Lamanites; yea, they were not half so numerous.

	rickowen It's interesting to note what is important and what isn't in the culture of a people. (note for Mosiah 24:6)
	November 19, 2011 at 08:09 AM

Note: It's interesting to note what is important and what isn't in the culture of a people.

Mosiah 24:6
But they taught them that they should keep their record, and that they might write one to another.

	rickowen This is a type of our mortal situation. There is no way we can deliver ourselves. Only Christ and his atoning sacrifice can deliver us. (note for Mosiah 21:5)
	November 19, 2011 at 08:02 AM

Note: This is a type of our mortal situation. There is no way we can deliver ourselves. Only Christ and his atoning sacrifice can deliver us.

Mosiah 21:5
And now the afflictions of the Nephites were great, and there was no way that they could deliver themselves out of their hands, for the Lamanites had surrounded them on every side.

	rickowen This is really interesting. The priests are thoroughly condemned for running away and leaving their wives and children to the mercy of the Lamanites, but these people use their daughters to ... (note for Mosiah 19:14)
	November 17, 2011 at 08:12 PM

Note: This is really interesting. The priests are thoroughly condemned for running away and leaving their wives and children to the mercy of the Lamanites, but these people use their daughters to stop the advancing Lamanites army. There has to be more to this story that was so obvious to Mormon that he didn't think to include it.

Mosiah 19:14
And it came to pass that the Lamanites had compassion on them, for they were charmed with the beauty of their women.

	rickowen Another thought that occurred to me is that you could read the verse about the Waters of Mormon as the waters having received the name "Mormon" by King Zeniff or King Noah, who called the pl... (note for Mosiah 18:5)
	November 13, 2011 at 09:18 PM

Note: Another thought that occurred to me is that you could read the verse about the Waters of Mormon as the waters having received the name "Mormon" by King Zeniff or King Noah, who called the place "Mormon" for reasons that made sense to them at the time. In other words, one of the kings named the place Mormon for the same reason that someone might name a stream Leigh Creek or Teton River.

Mosiah 18:5
Now, there was in Mormon a fountain of pure water, and Alma resorted thither, there being near the water a thicket of small trees, where he did hide himself in the daytime from the searches of the king.

	rickowen We talk about the Waters of Mormon, and we just move on because we expect to see the word "Mormon" in the Book of Mormon. However, to this point the only Mormon we have encountered is the au... (note for Mosiah 18:4)
	November 13, 2011 at 09:10 PM

Note: We talk about the Waters of Mormon, and we just move on because we expect to see the word "Mormon" in the Book of Mormon. However, to this point the only Mormon we have encountered is the author Mormon writing many hundreds of years later. Who is this King Mormon? The way he is mentioned it would seem that Mormon (that author) knew something about him. This is a mystery that we will only solve when the original plates are available.

Mosiah 18:4
And it came to pass that as many as did believe him did go forth to a place which was called Mormon, having received its name from the king, being in the borders of the land having been infested, by times or at seasons, by wild beasts.

	rickowen There two things of interest in this Scripture: the first being a confirmation that Alma was one of the priests of Noah (they were not priests of God) , and second, that there were those amo... (note for Mosiah 17:2)
	November 13, 2011 at 11:14 AM

Note: There two things of interest in this Scripture: the first being a confirmation that Alma was one of the priests of Noah (they were not priests of God) , and second, that there were those among Noah's people that were not of Nephite descent. In other words, I clearly read this as an admission that there were indigenous people living among Noah's people.

Mosiah 17:2
But there was one among them whose name was Alma, he also being a descendant of Nephi. And he was a young man, and he believed the words which Abinadi had spoken, for he knew concerning the iniquity which Abinadi had testified against them; therefore he began to plead with the king that he would not be angry with Abinadi, but suffer that he might depart in peace.

	rickowen Who are the children of Christ? (note for Mosiah 15:11)
	November 13, 2011 at 10:59 AM

Note: Who are the children of Christ?

Mosiah 15:11
Behold I say unto you, that whosoever has heard the words of the prophets, yea, all the holy prophets who have prophesied concerning the coming of the Lord—I say unto you, that all those who have hearkened unto their words, and believed that the Lord would redeem his people, and have looked forward to that day for a remission of their sins, I say unto you, that these are his seed, or they are the heirs of the kingdom of God.

	rickowen The priests claimed they taught the Law of Moses, but the most basic element of the law, the Ten Commandments, was not something that the priests obeyed, let alone taught others to obey. (note for Mosiah 13:25)
	November 13, 2011 at 10:51 AM

Note: The priests claimed they taught the Law of Moses, but the most basic element of the law, the Ten Commandments, was not something that the priests obeyed, let alone taught others to obey.

Mosiah 13:25
And it came to pass that after Abinadi had made an end of these sayings that he said unto them: Have ye taught this people that they should observe to do all these things for to keep these commandments?

	rickowen Alma is filled with wonder and amazement; the remainder of the priests are filled with anger. (note for Mosiah 13:9)
	November 13, 2011 at 06:45 AM

Note: Alma is filled with wonder and amazement; the remainder of the priests are filled with anger.

Mosiah 13:9
But I finish my message; and then it matters not whither I go, if it so be that I am saved.

	rickowen In the final analysis, Abinadi is questioning the priests so that he might display to them their own hypocrisy. (note for Mosiah 12:32)
	November 13, 2011 at 06:40 AM

Note: In the final analysis, Abinadi is questioning the priests so that he might display to them their own hypocrisy.

Mosiah 12:32
And they answered and said that salvation did come by the law of Moses.